A PhD thesis by Mike Balthazar Beke looking at understanding the effect of the Integrity Pact as an anticorruption collective action tool for public procurement through the EU funds and the role of civil society organisations, businesses and contracting authorities in preventing corruption through collective action. 

Public procurement is one of the highest risk areas for corruption. A public project contaminated with corruption is a recipe for disaster: ordinary citizens suffer from substandard facilities and services; competitive companies lose out when the bidding is rigged; and government money vanishes without making a difference. To rein in procurement corruption in, improving transparency and civic monitoring is vital.