[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1163},["ShallowReactive",2],{"jit":3,"all-stories":288},[4],{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":12,"area":14,"image":17,"content":32,"tags":137,"countries":248},10,"published",null,"Joint Investigation Teams: modernising cross-border investigations into corruption and organised crime","How the Basel Institute on Governance is helping partner countries to develop and implement Joint Investigation Teams to tackle complex cases that cross national borders, including environmental crime investigations.","jit","- **Faster, more coordinated investigations:** Supporting partner countries to establish Joint Investigation Teams (JITs) that enable authorities to share evidence directly and coordinate investigative action across borders.\n- **A landmark wildlife trafficking investigation:** In 2025, prosecutorial authorities in Peru, Panama and Ecuador established Latin America’s first Joint Investigation Team on wildlife trafficking to investigate a shark fin trafficking network spanning multiple jurisdictions. \n- **Stronger international enforcement:** Helping partner countries overcome legal and operational obstacles through expert support, trusted relationships and practical frameworks for coordinated action.",[13],"Latin America Caribbean",[15,16],"Asset recovery and enforcement","Green Corruption",{"id":18,"storage":19,"filename_disk":20,"filename_download":21,"title":22,"type":23,"created_on":24,"modified_on":25,"charset":7,"filesize":26,"width":27,"height":28,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":29,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":30,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":31},"c8f2a876-6cba-49e0-a2dc-c95947e10441","local","c8f2a876-6cba-49e0-a2dc-c95947e10441.png","17 Joint Investigation Teams.png","17 Joint Investigation Teams","image\u002Fpng","2026-05-25T17:57:08.000Z","2026-05-29T21:39:27.000Z",2446420,1536,1024,"Connecting authorities in Peru, Ecuador and Panama to tackle a cross-border case of shark fin trafficking. Image generated using AI.",{},"2026-05-25T17:57:11.000Z",[33,66,79,91,103,115,125],{"id":34,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":37,"item":62},39,"text",1,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":38,"area":39,"content":40,"tags":47,"countries":59},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],40,41,48,42,49,43,[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,[60,5,61],9,11,{"id":63,"text":64,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},78,"Corruption and organised crime increasingly operate across borders. Criminal networks move money, assets and illicit goods between jurisdictions while investigators navigate fragmented legal systems and cooperation processes that can struggle to keep pace.\n\nJoint Investigation Teams help address these issues by allowing authorities to work together in real time. They can also strengthen asset recovery efforts by helping authorities to target the profits that sustain organised criminal networks in a more coordinated and comprehensive way.","The situation",{"id":41,"collection":67,"sort":68,"stories_id":69,"item":75},"box",2,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":70,"area":71,"content":72,"tags":73,"countries":74},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":76,"title":77,"text":78},6,"Key term","**Joint Investigation Team:** A formal cooperation mechanism that allows prosecutors and investigators from different countries to work together on a shared cross-border case. They enable direct evidence sharing, coordinated investigative action and faster cooperation while respecting national laws and sovereignty.\n",{"id":42,"collection":35,"sort":80,"stories_id":81,"item":87},3,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":82,"area":83,"content":84,"tags":85,"countries":86},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":88,"text":89,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},79,"Through our International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) and Green Corruption programme, the Basel Institute is promoting the development and implementation of Joint Investigation Teams with partner countries tackling cross-border corruption and organised crime.\n\nSupport combines technical expertise with practical assistance: helping authorities build trust across jurisdictions, strengthening cooperation frameworks and supporting the design and operationalisation of these mechanisms.\n\nOne example comes from Latin America. In 2025, prosecutorial authorities in Peru, Panama and Ecuador established the first Joint Investigation Team on wildlife trafficking in Latin America to investigate a shark fin trafficking network spanning the countries’ borders. \n","What we did",{"id":43,"collection":92,"sort":93,"stories_id":94,"item":100},"quote",4,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":95,"area":96,"content":97,"tags":98,"countries":99},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":52,"quote":101,"author":102},"This significant milestone was achieved with the sustained support of the Basel Institute on Governance, whose assistance was instrumental from the initial engagement, through the facilitation of in-person trust-building exchanges among prosecutors, to the design, formalisation and operationalisation of the agreement.","Sebastián Aguilar J., Directorate of Cooperation and International Affairs, Office of the Attorney General of Ecuador",{"id":44,"collection":35,"sort":104,"stories_id":105,"item":111},5,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":106,"area":107,"content":108,"tags":109,"countries":110},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":112,"text":113,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},80,"The Peru–Panama–Ecuador agreement established a framework for direct information exchange, coordinated investigative strategies and joint prosecutorial action across borders. It also created an important regional precedent, by showing how countries can work collectively against organised criminal networks operating across jurisdictions. \n\nThe wildlife trafficking case is one example of a broader effort. The Basel Institute is supporting partners to use Joint Investigation Teams in other cross-border cases, such as corruption or – in the case referred to below – illegal mining: ","The impact",{"id":45,"collection":92,"sort":76,"stories_id":116,"item":122},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":117,"area":118,"content":119,"tags":120,"countries":121},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":53,"quote":123,"author":124},"ICAR’s support has been essential in strengthening our capacity to combat organised crime in Peru. With their guidance, our office has successfully launched one of the country’s first Joint Investigation Teams, marking a significant step forward in cross-border cooperation. What I particularly value is the daily, dedicated technical assistance provided by ICAR’s experts, which has not only supported our work on cases but has also improved our institutional capabilities.","Mayda Virginia Mori Anto, Chief Provincial Prosecutor, Second Supraprovincial Specialized Prosecutor's Office for Organised Crime of Peru",{"id":46,"collection":35,"sort":126,"stories_id":127,"item":133},7,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":128,"area":129,"content":130,"tags":131,"countries":132},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":134,"text":135,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},81,"Joint Investigation Teams remain underused in many regions affected by corruption and organised crime. Through our specialised ICAR and Green Corruption teams, and our relationships with prosecutorial authorities in multiple countries, the Basel Institute is helping partners turn the concept into practice: building trusted coalitions and strengthening international cooperation against crimes that increasingly cross borders.","Wider context",[138,148,158,168,178,188,198,208,218,228,238],{"id":48,"stories_id":139,"tags_id":145},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":140,"area":141,"content":142,"tags":143,"countries":144},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":146,"name":147},804,"Natural resources",{"id":49,"stories_id":149,"tags_id":155},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":150,"area":151,"content":152,"tags":153,"countries":154},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":156,"name":157},822,"International cooperation",{"id":50,"stories_id":159,"tags_id":165},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":160,"area":161,"content":162,"tags":163,"countries":164},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":166,"name":167},843,"Asset recovery",{"id":51,"stories_id":169,"tags_id":175},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":170,"area":171,"content":172,"tags":173,"countries":174},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":176,"name":177},867,"Financial crime",{"id":52,"stories_id":179,"tags_id":185},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":180,"area":181,"content":182,"tags":183,"countries":184},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":186,"name":187},967,"Organised crime",{"id":53,"stories_id":189,"tags_id":195},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":190,"area":191,"content":192,"tags":193,"countries":194},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":196,"name":197},973,"Corruption",{"id":54,"stories_id":199,"tags_id":205},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":200,"area":201,"content":202,"tags":203,"countries":204},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":206,"name":207},1193,"Financial investigations",{"id":55,"stories_id":209,"tags_id":215},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":210,"area":211,"content":212,"tags":213,"countries":214},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":216,"name":217},1215,"Illicit financial flows",{"id":56,"stories_id":219,"tags_id":225},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":220,"area":221,"content":222,"tags":223,"countries":224},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":226,"name":227},1303,"Environment",{"id":57,"stories_id":229,"tags_id":235},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":230,"area":231,"content":232,"tags":233,"countries":234},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":236,"name":237},1365,"Technical assistance",{"id":58,"stories_id":239,"tags_id":245},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":240,"area":241,"content":242,"tags":243,"countries":244},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":246,"name":247},1374,"Law enforcement",[249,262,275],{"id":60,"stories_id":250,"countries_id":256},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":251,"area":252,"content":253,"tags":254,"countries":255},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":257,"name":258,"code":259,"latitude":260,"longitude":261},171,"Peru","PE",-9.18997,-75.01515,{"id":5,"stories_id":263,"countries_id":269},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":264,"area":265,"content":266,"tags":267,"countries":268},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":270,"name":271,"code":272,"latitude":273,"longitude":274},170,"Panama","PA",8.53798,-80.78213,{"id":61,"stories_id":276,"countries_id":282},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":277,"area":278,"content":279,"tags":280,"countries":281},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":283,"name":284,"code":285,"latitude":286,"longitude":287},60,"Ecuador","EC",-1.83124,-78.18341,[289,413,538,621,701,785,911,1087],{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":294,"area":296,"image":298,"content":310,"tags":362,"countries":399},"Building Zambia’s capacity to investigate financial crime and recover illicit assets","How the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery used an embedded expert model to support Zambian authorities in complex financial crime investigations and asset recovery. It is leading to tangible increases in frozen and recovered assets and in successful international cooperation.","zambia","- Embedded experts supported 31 complex corruption and financial crime cases, with an estimated asset value of CHF 640 million and tangible recovery results.\n- Transferred skills, not just knowledge, through a train-the-trainer model and multi-agency case simulations that are now institutionalised within Zambian authorities.\n- Strengthened cross-border enforcement, helping Zambia issue mutual legal assistance requests to 12 jurisdictions and cooperate internationally to freeze illicit assets.",[295],"Africa",[15,297],"Learning and training",{"id":299,"storage":19,"filename_disk":300,"filename_download":301,"title":302,"type":23,"created_on":303,"modified_on":304,"charset":7,"filesize":305,"width":306,"height":307,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":308,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":309,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":303},"1771acba-7b15-4a82-b901-8a4139683856","1771acba-7b15-4a82-b901-8a4139683856.png","story_zambia.png","Story Zambia","2026-02-28T22:17:20.000Z","2026-02-28T22:39:29.000Z",796818,902,672,"An ICAR train-the-trainer workshop in Zambia in 2024, which saw five Zambian practitioners certified to train their peers on financial investigations and asset recovery using ICAR’s training methodology.",{},[311,323,333,343,352],{"id":312,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":313,"item":320},8,{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":314,"area":315,"content":316,"tags":318,"countries":319},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],12,[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":321,"text":322,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},36,"Effectively enforcing laws and recovering illicit assets is vital to mobilise resources for development and reduce reliance on aid. Strong asset recovery systems reinforce justice institutions and the rule of law, which are essential for civic trust, stability and investment. However, many countries face challenges in investigating complex financial crimes, cooperating internationally and managing seized and confiscated assets.",{"id":60,"collection":35,"sort":68,"stories_id":324,"item":330},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":325,"area":326,"content":327,"tags":328,"countries":329},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":331,"text":332,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},37,"Drawing on over 20 years of experience, the International Centre for Asset Recovery, a specialised centre of the Basel Institute on Governance, provided tailored technical assistance to Zambian authorities through an embedded expert model.\n\nWorking closely with investigators and prosecutors from the Anti-Corruption Commission, Drug Enforcement Commission and National Prosecution Authority, our experts combined in-person mentoring on complex, high-value cases with targeted training and guidance on legal and institutional reforms. In 2024, our Zambia-based team supported 31 corruption and financial crime cases with an estimated asset value of CHF 640 million.",{"id":5,"collection":35,"sort":80,"stories_id":334,"item":340},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":335,"area":336,"content":337,"tags":338,"countries":339},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":341,"text":342,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},38,"Step by step, Zambia is strengthening its ability to investigate financial crime and recover illicit assets.\n- **Building sustainable skills:** Through a train-the-trainer programme initiated in 2024, five officers from different agencies are on track to be certified to deliver ICAR’s financial investigations and asset recovery training. Nearly 130 frontline officers participated in multi-agency workshops using simulated cases tailored to the Zambian context. The Anti-Corruption Commission also integrated ICAR eLearning into its induction programme; 50 officers completed this training in 2024 and registered Zambian users on our online learning platform Basel LEARN rose to over 500.\n- **Recovering and freezing assets:** By the end of 2024, our case support assisted Zambia to recover around CHF 30 million, confiscate additional property including farmland, hotels, residential buildings, a commercial complex and 37 vehicles, and freeze a further CHF 24 million in property and cash.\n- **Strengthening international cooperation:** Zambia is engaging productively with international financial centres for the first time. In 2024, authorities sent 16 mutual legal assistance requests to 12 jurisdictions and cooperated on parallel investigations with two jurisdictions. Over CHF 14 million has been frozen in Jersey and Switzerland.\n",{"id":61,"collection":35,"sort":93,"stories_id":344,"item":350},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":345,"area":346,"content":347,"tags":348,"countries":349},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":34,"text":351,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},"Alongside casework, ICAR experts contributed to updated legislation and institutional reforms to improve mutual legal assistance and international cooperation. They also supported the development of a national policy on asset recovery and asset management and helped formalise multi-agency cooperation through a legal framework for an inter-agency asset recovery and management unit. \nICAR provides this type of targeted, case-based technical assistance on asset recovery to more than 40 government agencies across four continents.\n",{"id":317,"collection":92,"sort":104,"stories_id":353,"item":359},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":354,"area":355,"content":356,"tags":357,"countries":358},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":36,"quote":360,"author":361},"We value the partnership we continue to enjoy with you. We have seen the effects of your efforts. You are the real deal.","Gilbert Phiri, Director of Public Prosecutions, Zambia",[363,371,381,389],{"id":68,"stories_id":364,"tags_id":370},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":365,"area":366,"content":367,"tags":368,"countries":369},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":166,"name":167},{"id":80,"stories_id":372,"tags_id":378},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":373,"area":374,"content":375,"tags":376,"countries":377},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":379,"name":380},1372,"Training",{"id":93,"stories_id":382,"tags_id":388},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":383,"area":384,"content":385,"tags":386,"countries":387},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":236,"name":237},{"id":76,"stories_id":390,"tags_id":396},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":391,"area":392,"content":393,"tags":394,"countries":395},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":397,"name":398},1371,"Public governance",[400],{"id":36,"stories_id":401,"countries_id":407},{"id":93,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":290,"image":299,"description":291,"slug":292,"highlights":293,"region":402,"area":403,"content":404,"tags":405,"countries":406},[295],[15,297],[312,60,5,61,317],[68,80,93,76],[36],{"id":408,"name":409,"code":410,"latitude":411,"longitude":412},244,"Zambia","ZM",-13.1339,27.84933,{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":418,"area":420,"image":421,"content":434,"tags":495,"countries":512},"International cooperation in action: recovering illicit assets across borders","How successful collaboration between the Colombian and Guernsey authorities, with support from the Basel Institute on Governance’s International Centre for Asset Recovery, led to the successful enforcement of a non-conviction based confiscation order and the sharing of illicit assets linked to drug crimes.","illicit-assets","- Enabled Colombia’s first successful international asset recovery based on its non-conviction based forfeiture law, with nearly half a million US dollars confiscated and shared across borders.\n- Supported effective cooperation between Colombia and Guernsey, enabling the identification, freezing, confiscation and repatriation of illicit assets through mutual legal assistance.\n- Turned a complex transnational case into a practical precedent, generating lessons and good practices to strengthen future international asset recovery efforts",[13,419],"Europe",[15],{"id":422,"storage":19,"filename_disk":423,"filename_download":424,"title":425,"type":23,"created_on":426,"modified_on":427,"charset":7,"filesize":428,"width":429,"height":430,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":431,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":432,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":433},"922c9e2b-65d7-41f5-90e2-678fd8240d49","922c9e2b-65d7-41f5-90e2-678fd8240d49.png","story_illicitassets.png","Story Illicitassets","2026-02-28T22:52:28.000Z","2026-02-28T22:54:30.000Z",868355,1055,681,"The Attorneys General of Colombia (left) and Guernsey (right) signed an asset return agreement in early 2025 following the successful conclusion of the case in 2024.",{},"2026-02-28T22:52:29.000Z",[435,448,457,466,475,485],{"id":436,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":437,"item":446},13,{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":438,"area":439,"content":440,"tags":444,"countries":445},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],14,15,16,[312,60],[80,93],{"id":41,"text":447,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},"Asset recovery depends not only on national laws and investigative capacity, but also on effective cooperation between countries holding evidence or assets. Transnational cases are often legally complex and operationally sensitive, particularly when they rely on non-conviction based confiscation. Successful cooperation in such cases can set important precedents, opening the door to future asset recoveries and returns.",{"id":441,"collection":35,"sort":68,"stories_id":449,"item":455},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":450,"area":451,"content":452,"tags":453,"countries":454},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":42,"text":456,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},"The International Centre for Asset Recovery, a specialised centre of the Basel Institute on Governance, supported cooperation between authorities in Colombia and Guernsey in the Don Efra case. This was a landmark international asset recovery linked to Colombia’s non-conviction based forfeiture regime, *Extinción de dominio*.\n\nOn 30 November 2023, a Colombian court ordered the non-conviction based forfeiture of funds held in a trust account in Guernsey, amounting to GBP 361,146. The court found that the assets were proceeds of drug trafficking committed by Efraín Antonio Hernández Ramírez, known as “Don Efra”, a notorious cartel leader in the 1990s, and his former spouse. \n\nFollowing mutual legal assistance proceedings between both jurisdictions, Colombia and Guernsey concluded an asset-sharing agreement in London on 30 January 2025, ordering the repatriation of the confiscated assets.\n",{"id":442,"collection":35,"sort":80,"stories_id":458,"item":464},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":459,"area":460,"content":461,"tags":462,"countries":463},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":44,"text":465,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},"Guernsey’s confiscation of nearly half a million US dollars in criminal proceeds on behalf of Colombia set an important precedent. It marked Colombia’s first successful international asset recovery based on its non-conviction based forfeiture law and demonstrated that such measures can be enforced effectively across borders.\n\nThe case also strengthened operational cooperation between the two jurisdictions. Early and trust-based coordination enabled the identification, freezing, confiscation and repatriation of the assets, while overcoming legal and institutional challenges. The success adds to recent international enforcement of Extinción de dominio decisions by authorities in Peru and Guatemala.",{"id":443,"collection":35,"sort":93,"stories_id":467,"item":473},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":468,"area":469,"content":470,"tags":471,"countries":472},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":46,"text":474,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},"Beyond the recovery itself, ICAR supported the extraction of key lessons from the case through a dedicated practitioner-focused case study. The takeaways highlight the decisive role of early international cooperation, the importance of identifying beneficial ownership, the value of direct enforcement of foreign confiscation orders and the role of asset-sharing agreements and international standards in strengthening cooperation incentives. By documenting good practices and challenges, the case contributes to wider learning and more effective international asset recovery in future cases.\n\nThrough ICAR, the Basel Institute provides training and support on international cooperation and mutual legal assistance to both victim states and international financial centres. We support multiple transnational cases of corruption and other serious financial crimes.",{"id":48,"collection":92,"sort":104,"stories_id":476,"item":482},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":477,"area":478,"content":479,"tags":480,"countries":481},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":68,"quote":483,"author":484},"This has been an excellent example of how judicial authorities can work together to ensure the recovery of the proceeds derived from criminal activities.","Luz Adriana Camargo, Attorney General of Colombia",{"id":49,"collection":92,"sort":76,"stories_id":486,"item":492},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":487,"area":488,"content":489,"tags":490,"countries":491},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":80,"quote":493,"author":494},"The case highlights the importance of international co-operation, through intelligence sharing and mutual legal assistance, and demonstrates that non-conviction based asset forfeiture is a powerful tool in the fight to deprive individuals of their ill-gotten gains. The support of the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery has been invaluable, and the success of this case owes a lot to their expertise and their commitment to support the global effort to recover illicit funds.","Megan Pullum KC, His Majesty’s Procureur of Guernsey",[496,504],{"id":312,"stories_id":497,"tags_id":503},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":498,"area":499,"content":500,"tags":501,"countries":502},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":166,"name":167},{"id":60,"stories_id":505,"tags_id":511},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":506,"area":507,"content":508,"tags":509,"countries":510},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":156,"name":157},[513,525],{"id":80,"stories_id":514,"countries_id":520},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":515,"area":516,"content":517,"tags":518,"countries":519},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":63,"name":521,"code":522,"latitude":523,"longitude":524},"Guernsey","GG",49.46569,-2.58528,{"id":93,"stories_id":526,"countries_id":532},{"id":104,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":414,"image":422,"description":415,"slug":416,"highlights":417,"region":527,"area":528,"content":529,"tags":530,"countries":531},[13,419],[15],[436,441,442,443,48,49],[312,60],[80,93],{"id":533,"name":534,"code":535,"latitude":536,"longitude":537},47,"Colombia","CO",4.57087,-74.29733,{"id":76,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":539,"description":540,"slug":541,"highlights":542,"region":543,"area":544,"image":547,"content":557,"tags":607,"countries":608},"Anti-corruption support to Ukraine during wartime","How we support Ukraine to safeguard reconstruction, strengthen anti-corruption systems, build defensive strength with integrity, and advance asset recovery even under wartime conditions. A snapshot of our diverse efforts.","anti-corruption-ukraine","- **Strengthened anti-corruption frameworks** across infrastructure, transport, forestry, medical procurement and the private sector, adapted to wartime conditions.\n- **Produced the first joint strategic corruption risk assessment** of Ukraine’s civil infrastructure recovery, in partnership with the National Agency for Corruption Prevention (NACP) and the State Audit Service.\n- **Provided ongoing support to Ukraine’s anti-corruption institutions** at a critical juncture, amid increasing political pressure and risks to institutional independence. The programme delivered advanced training to more than 93 prosecutors, investigators and judges, with training now expanding to the Specialised Environmental Prosecutor’s Office to address environmental crime risks.\n- **Enabled progress on international asset recovery**, including execution of six mutual legal assistance requests by Switzerland and expert support on frozen Yanukovych-era assets.\n- **Assessed corruption risks** in 336 restoration grants worth UAH 61.8 billion, with our recommendations formally endorsed by the Ministry of Communities and Territories Development.\n",[419],[545,546],"Anti-corruption and prevention","Ukraine",{"id":548,"storage":19,"filename_disk":549,"filename_download":550,"title":546,"type":551,"created_on":552,"modified_on":552,"charset":7,"filesize":553,"width":554,"height":555,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":7,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":556,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":552},"2a10135b-52e1-4f71-9c4c-0df4c05a82a8","2a10135b-52e1-4f71-9c4c-0df4c05a82a8.webp","ukraine.webp","image\u002Fwebp","2026-02-28T23:26:34.000Z",298332,1600,1093,{},[558,568,578,588,598],{"id":50,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":559,"item":565},{"id":76,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":539,"image":548,"description":540,"slug":541,"highlights":542,"region":560,"area":561,"content":562,"tags":563,"countries":564},[419],[545,546],[50,51,54,52,53],[],[68],{"id":566,"text":567,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},44,"Anti-corruption is essential in Ukraine, especially during wartime. As Ukraine defends itself against aggression, it also plays a pivotal role in preserving the rule of law and contributing to the security and stability of Europe as a whole.\n \nWartime conditions create severe challenges for anti-corruption work. Yet public demand for accountability remains exceptionally strong, reflecting an unusually low tolerance for corruption even under pressure. With scarce resources and immense reconstruction needs, preventing corruption is central to Ukraine’s resilience and to its commitment to building back better.",{"id":51,"collection":35,"sort":68,"stories_id":569,"item":575},{"id":76,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":539,"image":548,"description":540,"slug":541,"highlights":542,"region":570,"area":571,"content":572,"tags":573,"countries":574},[419],[545,546],[50,51,54,52,53],[],[68],{"id":576,"text":577,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},45,"Despite the security and financial challenges, we reinforced support to the Government of Ukraine, state-owned enterprises and civil society to strengthen transparency, oversight and enforcement. Much of this work was made possible through long-standing support from the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), with additional funding from Norway, Liechtenstein, the EBRD, Swedfund, NEFCO and USAID.\n \nOur approach combines hands-on corruption risk assessments, the development of mitigation measures and practical guidance on strengthening anti-corruption frameworks, adapted to volatile wartime conditions.",{"id":54,"collection":579,"sort":80,"stories_id":580,"item":586},"image",{"id":76,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":539,"image":548,"description":540,"slug":541,"highlights":542,"region":581,"area":582,"content":583,"tags":584,"countries":585},[419],[545,546],[50,51,54,52,53],[],[68],{"id":76,"image":587,"caption":7},"0cf2e2dd-e0dc-4800-ae2f-6f96bfc5f285",{"id":52,"collection":35,"sort":93,"stories_id":589,"item":595},{"id":76,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":539,"image":548,"description":540,"slug":541,"highlights":542,"region":590,"area":591,"content":592,"tags":593,"countries":594},[419],[545,546],[50,51,54,52,53],[],[68],{"id":596,"text":597,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},46,"### Safeguarding restoration and infrastructure\nUkraine’s restoration costs are already in the hundreds of billions of dollars – and reconstruction is ongoing even as the war rages. In 2024, working with the Ministry of Communities and Territories Development, we assessed corruption risks in 336 restoration grants worth UAH 61.8 billion. We identified regulatory weaknesses and provided detailed recommendations, which were formally endorsed by the Ministry, strengthening safeguards for future projects.\n \nWe also supported the State Agency for Restoration and Infrastructure Development to develop policies on whistleblowing, internal investigations, handling corruption reports, transparent recruitment and a Code of Ethics, complemented by targeted training and a monthly anti-corruption newsletter.\n\n### Strengthening integrity in state-owned enterprises\nUkrainian Railways (UZ), a strategically vital state-owned enterprise, faces heightened corruption risks due to its size and wartime role. Building on long-standing cooperation, in 2024 we helped adapt its corruption risk assessment methodology to wartime realities and strengthened its compliance framework with a new Anti-Corruption Programme, Code of Ethics and related policies, followed by training to support implementation. We also advised UZ on the reform of its sizable procurement system, reducing one of the long-standing corruption risks.\n\n### Protecting forests and the timber trade\nTogether with the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Agency for Corruption Prevention, WWF Ukraine and the state-owned enterprise Forests of Ukraine, we are supporting the development of a robust anti-corruption framework to protect forests and ensure a sustainable and profitable timber trade.\n \nThis includes close work with Forests of Ukraine to strengthen policies, corporate governance and safeguards against corruption impacting Ukraine’s forests.\n\n### Recovering assets from abroad\nBuilding sustainable capacity in financial investigations and asset recovery is essential to Ukraine’s ability to uncover and prosecute corruption and related financial crimes and to recover vital public funds.\n \nIn 2025, five practitioners from the Specialised Anti-Corruption Prosecutor’s Office, the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine and the High Anti-Corruption Court were certified as national trainers in financial investigations and asset recovery after completing the International Centre for Asset Recovery’s Train-the-Trainer programme. This milestone helps embed practitioner-led training across key anti-corruption institutions. As experienced investigators and prosecutors, the certified trainers are also well placed to apply and promote innovative approaches to asset recovery within their own organisations.\n \nAlongside capacity building, ICAR experts facilitated a meeting in Switzerland between the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine and the Swiss Federal Office of Justice, resulting in the execution of six mutual legal assistance requests. We also provided expert opinions in seven cases linked to frozen Yanukovych-era assets.\n",{"id":53,"collection":35,"sort":104,"stories_id":599,"item":605},{"id":76,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":539,"image":548,"description":540,"slug":541,"highlights":542,"region":600,"area":601,"content":602,"tags":603,"countries":604},[419],[545,546],[50,51,54,52,53],[],[68],{"id":533,"text":606,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},"We have been working in Ukraine for over a decade. A significantly increased team of 10 experts in Kyiv delivers the vast majority of our programming, with headquarters support.\n \nIn 2025 and 2026 the effort continues, with an additional three-year project funded by the Government of Norway to promote transparency and accountability in three strategically vital sectors:\n \n- **Natural resources**: Tackling corruption risks in forestry and the critical minerals sector.\n- **Energy**: Supporting transparency and accountability in energy-related enterprises, starting with a collaboration with the Gas Transmission System Operator of Ukraine to establish a comprehensive anti-corruption compliance system.\n- **Defence industries**: Strengthening compliance and integrity systems in defence manufacturers as they produce vital materiel for Ukraine’s defence and integrate with Europe’s broader security architecture. This builds on our ongoing partnership with Ukraine Defense Industries (UkrOboronProm or UOP).\n \nIn addition, multi-year support from the Principality of Liechtenstein is allowing us to build a dedicated programme focused on reducing corruption risks in renewable energy. As Ukraine shifts away from centralised fossil fuel-based generation capacity, both for security and decarbonisation purposes, ensuring that the energy transition is not undermined through corruption is doubly crucial. \n",[],[609],{"id":68,"stories_id":610,"countries_id":616},{"id":76,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":539,"image":548,"description":540,"slug":541,"highlights":542,"region":611,"area":612,"content":613,"tags":614,"countries":615},[419],[545,546],[50,51,54,52,53],[],[68],{"id":617,"name":546,"code":618,"latitude":619,"longitude":620},225,"UA",48.37943,31.16558,{"id":126,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":622,"description":623,"slug":624,"highlights":625,"region":626,"area":627,"image":628,"content":638,"tags":678,"countries":679},"From hidden accounts to recovered assets: Peru and Luxembourg","With support from the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery\n(ICAR), authorities overcame legal barriers to recover millions and set a model for\ninternational asset recovery.","peru-luxembourg","- Tens of millions of dollars in illicit assets linked to the Fujimori–Montesinos network were recovered.\n- Authorities engaged in direct judicial cooperation without a bilateral treaty, using the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) as a legal basis.\n- The case established a practical precedent for international asset recovery between jurisdictions without prior cooperation frameworks.",[13,419],[15],{"id":629,"storage":19,"filename_disk":630,"filename_download":631,"title":632,"type":551,"created_on":633,"modified_on":633,"charset":7,"filesize":634,"width":635,"height":636,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":7,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":637,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":633},"4b0f3e8f-b0e3-4b9b-a2c8-d8c855a30b89","4b0f3e8f-b0e3-4b9b-a2c8-d8c855a30b89.webp","peru-luxembourg.webp","Peru Luxembourg","2026-03-30T20:58:43.000Z",140946,2000,1091,{},[639,649,659,668],{"id":55,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":640,"item":647},{"id":126,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":622,"image":629,"description":623,"slug":624,"highlights":625,"region":641,"area":642,"content":643,"tags":645,"countries":646},[13,419],[15],[55,644,56,57],34,[],[76,126],{"id":43,"text":648,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},"Recovering assets from large-scale corruption depends not only on strong domestic cases\nbut also on effective international cooperation. This is particularly true when illicit funds are\nhidden in complex offshore structures across multiple financial centres.\n\nThe Fujimori–Montesinos case is one of Latin America’s most significant asset recovery\nefforts. After the regime collapsed in 2000, Peruvian authorities began tracing funds moved\nabroad through sophisticated financial networks spanning several jurisdictions.\n\nFrom around 2014, Peru stepped up efforts to enforce confiscation decisions internationally.\nThis shift coincided with the development of non-conviction based forfeiture and the growing\nuse of international frameworks such as UNCAC.\n\nLuxembourg was a key jurisdiction in these efforts, as it hosted some of the remaining\naccounts linked to the corrupt network. However, cooperation had to be built from the ground\nup. There was no bilateral agreement, no established practice for enforcing foreign\nconfiscation orders and no diplomatic presence to facilitate engagement.",{"id":644,"collection":67,"sort":68,"stories_id":650,"item":656},{"id":126,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":622,"image":629,"description":623,"slug":624,"highlights":625,"region":651,"area":652,"content":653,"tags":654,"countries":655},[13,419],[15],[55,644,56,57],[],[76,126],{"id":68,"title":657,"text":658},"Key terms","**Non-conviction based forfeiture**: A legal tool that allows authorities to recover assets\nwithout a criminal conviction. Courts can order forfeiture if assets are proven to be linked to\nunlawful activity.\n\n**Mutual legal assistance (MLA)**: A formal process through which countries request and\nshare evidence or enforce judicial measures in criminal matters, enabling cooperation across\njurisdictions.",{"id":56,"collection":35,"sort":93,"stories_id":660,"item":666},{"id":126,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":622,"image":629,"description":623,"slug":624,"highlights":625,"region":661,"area":662,"content":663,"tags":664,"countries":665},[13,419],[15],[55,644,56,57],[],[76,126],{"id":45,"text":667,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},"The Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) helped translate the\nlegal possibilities under UNCAC into a practical cooperation framework between Peruvian\nand Luxembourg authorities. Over more than a decade, ICAR supported Peru in\nstrengthening legal frameworks, building institutional capacity and advancing complex asset\nrecovery cases.\n\nThis support combined technical advice with hands-on engagement, including:\n- Strengthening asset recovery strategies and international cooperation practices.\n- Promoting and implementing non-conviction based forfeiture frameworks.\n- Developing legal strategies to enable the enforcement of Peruvian confiscation decisions abroad, including confirming through practitioner exchanges that UNCAC could serve as a sufficient legal basis.\n\nThese efforts were closely linked to reforms within Peru, where ICAR supported the\ndevelopment and implementation of non-conviction based forfeiture. The approach operated\nat two levels: strengthening domestic capacity to produce robust confiscation decisions, and\nsupporting strategies to enforce them internationally. This alignment proved essential.\n\nCases such as [The Blue Ridge Trust and the Hudson Trust](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gob.pe\u002F23084-casos-emblematicos-del-gran-ducado-de-luxemburgo), [Southland Securities Inc.](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fblog\u002Fun-caso-historico-de-recuperacion-de-activos-pone-prueba-la-legislacion-peruana-de-extincion)\nand [James Stone](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fjames-stone-case-perus-fight-recover-assets-academy-bulletin) illustrate this approach. By combining conviction-based and non-\nconviction based confiscation with flexible forms of international cooperation, authorities\nwere able to navigate complex financial structures and recover illicit assets across\njurisdictions.\n\nIn particular, the use of UNCAC – especially Articles 46 and 55 – as a legal basis for mutual\nlegal assistance and the enforcement of foreign confiscation orders was instrumental. It\nenabled cooperation and turned legal frameworks into operational results.",{"id":57,"collection":35,"sort":104,"stories_id":669,"item":675},{"id":126,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":622,"image":629,"description":623,"slug":624,"highlights":625,"region":670,"area":671,"content":672,"tags":673,"countries":674},[13,419],[15],[55,644,56,57],[],[76,126],{"id":676,"text":677,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},50,"Peru is now one of the most advanced and active countries in Latin America in international\nasset recovery. Its experience includes:\n\n- Early large-scale restitutions from Switzerland, the United States and other jurisdictions.\n- Development of domestic confiscation and non-conviction based forfeiture frameworks.\n- Leadership in promoting international cooperation practices across the region. Peru’s experience has informed similar approaches in other jurisdictions.\n\nThrough ICAR, the Basel Institute continues to support authorities in Peru and elsewhere in\ntackling complex corruption and financial crime cases, sharing lessons learned and\nstrengthening global asset recovery efforts.",[],[680,688],{"id":76,"stories_id":681,"countries_id":687},{"id":126,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":622,"image":629,"description":623,"slug":624,"highlights":625,"region":682,"area":683,"content":684,"tags":685,"countries":686},[13,419],[15],[55,644,56,57],[],[76,126],{"id":257,"name":258,"code":259,"latitude":260,"longitude":261},{"id":126,"stories_id":689,"countries_id":695},{"id":126,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":622,"image":629,"description":623,"slug":624,"highlights":625,"region":690,"area":691,"content":692,"tags":693,"countries":694},[13,419],[15],[55,644,56,57],[],[76,126],{"id":696,"name":697,"code":698,"latitude":699,"longitude":700},132,"Luxembourg","LU",49.81527,6.12958,{"id":312,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":702,"description":703,"slug":704,"highlights":705,"region":706,"area":707,"image":708,"content":720,"tags":775,"countries":776},"Following the money: how Peru reshaped corruption investigations after Odebrecht","With support from the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery, Peru\nhas become a regional model for proactive financial investigations and cross-border\ncooperation.","reshaped-corruption-investigations-peru","- **Corruption cases now routinely include parallel financial investigations.** Asset tracing and evidence development support prosecutions from the outset.\n- **Authorities use international cooperation more systematically and at earlier stages.** This improves the speed and coordination of cross-border investigations.\n- **The approach contributed to landmark convictions,** including two former presidents, and has influenced anti-corruption practice across the region.\n",[13],[15],{"id":709,"storage":19,"filename_disk":710,"filename_download":711,"title":712,"type":23,"created_on":713,"modified_on":714,"charset":7,"filesize":715,"width":716,"height":717,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":718,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":719,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":713},"d80a28ef-b6a6-415d-8e65-243e94b9668d","d80a28ef-b6a6-415d-8e65-243e94b9668d.png","odebrecht.png","Odebrecht","2026-03-30T21:24:57.000Z","2026-03-30T21:25:33.000Z",392210,732,412,"Photo credit: ICAR delegation at the Toledo trial. From left to right: Stefan Lenz, Diana Cordero and Oscar Solórzano, Head of Latin America at the International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR).",{},[721,736,745,755,765],{"id":722,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":723,"item":733},28,{"id":312,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":702,"image":709,"description":703,"slug":704,"highlights":705,"region":724,"area":725,"content":726,"tags":731,"countries":732},[13],[15],[722,727,728,729,730],33,30,31,32,[],[104],{"id":734,"text":735,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},52,"The Odebrecht case exposed one of the largest corruption schemes in Latin America. It involved bribery networks, offshore structures and coordinated payments across multiple jurisdictions.\n\nIn Peru, the scale of the case posed serious challenges. Investigators had to trace financial flows across borders, identify beneficial owners and coordinate with several authorities at once. Earlier cases provided some experience. But Odebrecht required a more systematic and sustained response.\n\nAt the outset, capacity was uneven. Financial investigations were not always integrated into corruption cases. International cooperation – particularly mutual legal assistance – was often reactive and fragmented. Legal tools for asset recovery, including non-conviction based forfeiture, were still being consolidated.\n\nAuthorities needed not only to investigate and prosecute corruption, but to build a coordinated strategy able to address its financial dimension and enable sustained cross-border cooperation. This was in a context of political backlash against prosecutorial authorities and significant resource constraints.\n",{"id":727,"collection":67,"sort":68,"stories_id":737,"item":743},{"id":312,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":702,"image":709,"description":703,"slug":704,"highlights":705,"region":738,"area":739,"content":740,"tags":741,"countries":742},[13],[15],[722,727,728,729,730],[],[104],{"id":36,"title":657,"text":744},"**Non-conviction based forfeiture**: A legal tool that allows authorities to recover assets\nwithout a criminal conviction. Courts can order forfeiture if assets are proven to be linked to\nunlawful activity.\n\n**Mutual legal assistance (MLA)**: A formal process through which countries request and\nshare evidence for criminal investigations, enabling cooperation across jurisdictions.",{"id":728,"collection":35,"sort":80,"stories_id":746,"item":752},{"id":312,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":702,"image":709,"description":703,"slug":704,"highlights":705,"region":747,"area":748,"content":749,"tags":750,"countries":751},[13],[15],[722,727,728,729,730],[],[104],{"id":753,"text":754,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},54,"From 2015 onwards, the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR)\nsupported Peruvian authorities to address the financial and cross-border dimensions of the\nOdebrecht case. Specialists were embedded within prosecution teams across several\njurisdictions. They provided hands-on support in financial analysis and, in some cases, acted\nas expert witnesses in court.\n\nThe support focused on two priorities: strengthening financial investigations and enhancing\ninternational cooperation.\n\nIn practice, this included:\n- Embedding financial investigations into corruption cases so that asset tracing, financial analysis and evidence development progressed alongside criminal proceedings.\n- Strengthening prosecutorial and judicial capacity through specialised training on complex financial crime.\n- Promoting earlier and more systematic use of mutual legal assistance, both formal and informal, while facilitating direct exchanges between authorities.\n- Supporting the application of asset recovery tools, including non-conviction based forfeiture and other confiscation mechanisms.\n\nOver time, ICAR helped translate legal frameworks into operational practice. Investigations\nbecame more structured, coordinated and proactive.\n\nSupport operated at two levels. It strengthened domestic capacity and improved cooperation\nacross jurisdictions. These approaches were tested and refined in cases involving [complex\noffshore structures](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fnexus-between-corruption-and-money-laundering-deconstructing-toledo-odebrecht-network) and layered financial transactions.",{"id":729,"collection":35,"sort":93,"stories_id":756,"item":762},{"id":312,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":702,"image":709,"description":703,"slug":704,"highlights":705,"region":757,"area":758,"content":759,"tags":760,"countries":761},[13],[15],[722,727,728,729,730],[],[104],{"id":763,"text":764,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},55,"The impact is visible not only in individual cases but also in how corruption is investigated\nand prosecuted in Peru.\n\nAt the judicial level, the approach contributed to major convictions. Former presidents\n[Alejandro Toledo](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gob.pe\u002Finstitucion\u002Fpj\u002Fnoticias\u002F1043841-poder-judicial-impone-20-anos-y-seis-meses-de-carcel-para-expresidente-alejandro-toledo-por-colusion-y-lavado-de-activos) and [Ollanta Humala](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gob.pe\u002Finstitucion\u002Fpj\u002Fnoticias\u002F1146474-poder-judicial-impone-15-anos-de-prision-a-ollanta-humala-y-nadine-heredia-por-lavado-de-activos-agravado) were sentenced to 20 years and 15 years in prison\nrespectively for bribery and illicit campaign financing linked to the Odebrecht scheme. Other\nsenior officials have also been convicted.\n\nThese outcomes show that complex corruption cases can be pursued effectively, including\nacross borders.\n\nThe most significant change is institutional. Financial investigations are now central to\ncorruption cases. Asset tracing, financial intelligence and evidence analysis have become\nstandard practice.\n\nInternational cooperation has also evolved. Mutual legal assistance is used earlier and more\nstrategically, with better coordination between jurisdictions.\n\nA key development was the creation of the Unidad de Recuperación Activos en el Extranjero\n(URAE), an asset recovery unit within the Office of the Attorney General. Established with\nICAR’s support, it has contributed to significant asset recovery efforts linked to the\nOdebrecht case and related proceedings.\n\nMore broadly, Peru has shifted from reactive enforcement to a more proactive, financially\ndriven approach. This demonstrates that sustained technical support, combined with\ninstitutional commitment, can strengthen both individual cases and long-term capacity.",{"id":730,"collection":35,"sort":104,"stories_id":766,"item":772},{"id":312,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":702,"image":709,"description":703,"slug":704,"highlights":705,"region":767,"area":768,"content":769,"tags":770,"countries":771},[13],[15],[722,727,728,729,730],[],[104],{"id":773,"text":774,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},56,"Peru’s experience with the Odebrecht case has influenced approaches in other jurisdictions,\nincluding Ecuador and Colombia, where ICAR has also provided support. Comparable\nresults are beginning to emerge as cases progress.\n\nMore broadly, the case reflects a shift in anti-corruption practice – from isolated prosecutions\nto more integrated strategies that combine legal, financial and cooperative tools. It has also\nstrengthened networks of prosecutors who exchange information and coordinate action, both\nformally and informally.\n\nParallel financial investigations and the systematic use of mutual legal assistance are now\ncentral to enforcement in Peru and increasingly across the region. However, capacity gaps\nremain. Economic crime continues to evolve, and new technologies add complexity. At the\nsame time, political and legal backlash against anti-corruption measures remains a\nchallenge.\n\nOngoing investment in skills, cooperation and effective implementation of frameworks such\nas the United Nations Convention against Corruption will be essential.",[],[777],{"id":104,"stories_id":778,"countries_id":784},{"id":312,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":702,"image":709,"description":703,"slug":704,"highlights":705,"region":779,"area":780,"content":781,"tags":782,"countries":783},[13],[15],[722,727,728,729,730],[],[104],{"id":257,"name":258,"code":259,"latitude":260,"longitude":261},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":790,"area":791,"image":792,"content":804,"tags":846,"countries":897},"Applying behavioural insights to reduce corruption in a Tanzanian hospital","How a behavioural anti-corruption pilot in a Dar es Salaam hospital reduced gift-giving and generated evidence on how social norms interventions can tackle corruption in public services.","tz-hospital","- **Direct impact:** Reduced gift-giving intentions, attitudes and positive beliefs among hospital users by 14–44 percent within eight weeks.\n- **Behaviour change mechanism:** Trained peer champions, visible leadership support and workplace messaging shifted social norms around gift acceptance among health workers.\n- **Systemic impact:** Generated practical evidence showing that social norms and behaviour change interventions can complement traditional anti-corruption controls in frontline public services.",[295],[545],{"id":793,"storage":19,"filename_disk":794,"filename_download":795,"title":796,"type":551,"created_on":797,"modified_on":798,"charset":7,"filesize":799,"width":800,"height":27,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":801,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":802,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":803},"3db2e132-5c95-4e29-87ef-141047e12dc0","3db2e132-5c95-4e29-87ef-141047e12dc0.webp","Gemini_Generated_Image_prumrlprumrlprum.webp","Gemini Generated Image Prumrlprumrlprum","2026-05-22T13:46:54.000Z","2026-05-29T21:37:53.000Z",114158,2752,"Anti-gift giving poster as part of a pilot anti-corruption intervention in a public hospital in Tanzania.",{},"2026-05-22T13:46:55.000Z",[805,816,826,836],{"id":806,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":807,"item":813},35,{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":808,"area":809,"content":810,"tags":811,"countries":812},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":814,"text":815,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},73,"In many public service settings, including health facilities, users offer unofficial “gifts” to frontline staff to build social relationships and secure better treatment. Rooted in social norms of reciprocity, this practice can fuel petty corruption, entrench inequality and distort access to essential services like healthcare. Traditional anti-corruption measures like training or controls are often insufficient in such contexts, but approaches that target social norms and behaviour change show promise.",{"id":321,"collection":35,"sort":68,"stories_id":817,"item":823},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":818,"area":819,"content":820,"tags":821,"countries":822},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":824,"text":825,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},74,"We piloted a behavioural anti-corruption intervention in a public hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in collaboration with the UK Behavioural Insights Team, the University of Dar es Salaam and the University of Utrecht. The intervention targeted social norms underpinning gift-giving and leveraged the social networks of health workers.\n\nUsing a peer-driven model, we recruited and trained anti-corruption champions from multiple professional groups. These champions shared messages discouraging gift acceptance in staff meetings and personal conversations. \n\nPosters and desk signs reinforced the messages, stating that staff do not accept bribes. Desk signs also provided guidance on tactfully refusing gifts and appealed to professional ethics, with endorsement from hospital management and the national medical association.",{"id":331,"collection":35,"sort":80,"stories_id":827,"item":833},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":828,"area":829,"content":830,"tags":831,"countries":832},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":834,"text":835,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},75,"**Direct impact: measurable behaviour change**\nWithin eight weeks, the pilot recorded a 14–44 percent reduction in gift-giving intentions, attitudes and positive beliefs among hospital users. Posters and peer messaging proved more effective than written guidance on how to refuse gifts. Some beliefs – particularly around gifts given as “gratitude” after services – were more resistant to change.\n\n**Indirect impact: evidence and models for wider reform**\nBeyond the measurable results, the pilot generated practical insights for tackling corruption rooted in social norms. It demonstrated the importance of clearly communicating that all forms of gift-giving constitute corruption, highlighting the negative consequences and using trusted peer networks and visible leadership support to reinforce behaviour change.\n\nThe intervention also showed the value of locally adapted, participatory approaches that complement traditional compliance measures. These lessons provide a foundation for applying similar social norms interventions in other hospitals and adapting the approach to address corruption risks in other public service sectors.",{"id":341,"collection":35,"sort":93,"stories_id":837,"item":843},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":838,"area":839,"content":840,"tags":841,"countries":842},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":844,"text":845,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},76,"The Tanzania hospital pilot reflects the Basel Institute’s broader approach of linking research with practical anti-corruption action. Our Prevention, Research and Innovation team examines how corruption is shaped by social norms, informal practices and political realities, recognising that behaviour change is central to sustainable reform.\n\nBy piloting innovative interventions in real-world settings, we generate evidence on what works in practice. These insights inform anti-corruption strategies used by governments, development partners and civil society organisations, and support the design of behaviour-focused interventions alongside traditional compliance and enforcement measures.",[847,857,867,877,887],{"id":317,"stories_id":848,"tags_id":854},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":849,"area":850,"content":851,"tags":852,"countries":853},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":855,"name":856},848,"Behavioural science",{"id":436,"stories_id":858,"tags_id":864},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":859,"area":860,"content":861,"tags":862,"countries":863},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":865,"name":866},859,"Corruption risks",{"id":441,"stories_id":868,"tags_id":874},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":869,"area":870,"content":871,"tags":872,"countries":873},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":875,"name":876},982,"Anti-corruption",{"id":442,"stories_id":878,"tags_id":884},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":879,"area":880,"content":881,"tags":882,"countries":883},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":885,"name":886},1309,"Informality",{"id":443,"stories_id":888,"tags_id":894},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":889,"area":890,"content":891,"tags":892,"countries":893},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":895,"name":896},1381,"Health",[898],{"id":312,"stories_id":899,"countries_id":905},{"id":60,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":786,"image":793,"description":787,"slug":788,"highlights":789,"region":900,"area":901,"content":902,"tags":903,"countries":904},[295],[545],[806,321,331,341],[317,436,441,442,443],[312],{"id":906,"name":907,"code":908,"latitude":909,"longitude":910},224,"Tanzania","TZ",-6.36903,34.88882,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":912,"area":913,"image":914,"content":916,"tags":973,"countries":1062},[13],[15,16],{"id":18,"storage":19,"filename_disk":20,"filename_download":21,"title":22,"type":23,"created_on":24,"modified_on":25,"charset":7,"filesize":26,"width":27,"height":28,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":29,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":915,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":31},{},[917,925,933,941,949,957,965],{"id":34,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":918,"item":924},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":919,"area":920,"content":921,"tags":922,"countries":923},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":63,"text":64,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},{"id":41,"collection":67,"sort":68,"stories_id":926,"item":932},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":927,"area":928,"content":929,"tags":930,"countries":931},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":76,"title":77,"text":78},{"id":42,"collection":35,"sort":80,"stories_id":934,"item":940},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":935,"area":936,"content":937,"tags":938,"countries":939},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":88,"text":89,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},{"id":43,"collection":92,"sort":93,"stories_id":942,"item":948},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":943,"area":944,"content":945,"tags":946,"countries":947},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":52,"quote":101,"author":102},{"id":44,"collection":35,"sort":104,"stories_id":950,"item":956},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":951,"area":952,"content":953,"tags":954,"countries":955},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":112,"text":113,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},{"id":45,"collection":92,"sort":76,"stories_id":958,"item":964},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":959,"area":960,"content":961,"tags":962,"countries":963},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":53,"quote":123,"author":124},{"id":46,"collection":35,"sort":126,"stories_id":966,"item":972},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":967,"area":968,"content":969,"tags":970,"countries":971},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":134,"text":135,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},[974,982,990,998,1006,1014,1022,1030,1038,1046,1054],{"id":48,"stories_id":975,"tags_id":981},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":976,"area":977,"content":978,"tags":979,"countries":980},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":146,"name":147},{"id":49,"stories_id":983,"tags_id":989},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image":18,"description":9,"slug":10,"highlights":11,"region":984,"area":985,"content":986,"tags":987,"countries":988},[13],[15,16],[34,41,42,43,44,45,46],[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58],[60,5,61],{"id":156,"name":157},{"id":50,"stories_id":991,"tags_id":997},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":8,"image"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in Malawi: local actors in the driving seat","How experience from the Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support project showed that stronger accountability grows from local leadership, trust and learning by doing.","maccs","- **Building stronger accountability networks:** Civil society groups, journalists and accountability actors are collaborating more closely, pooling evidence and building coalitions rather than competing for influence.\n- **Putting local partners in the lead:** Through the Accountability Working Group, partners identify priorities, shape interventions and adapt strategies to changing realities on the ground.\n- **Influencing national debate:** Civil society organisations supported through the programme pushed priority corruption issues onto the agenda of Malawi’s 2025 Presidential Debate.\n",[295],[545],{"id":1095,"storage":19,"filename_disk":1096,"filename_download":1097,"title":1098,"type":1099,"created_on":1100,"modified_on":1101,"charset":7,"filesize":1102,"width":554,"height":1103,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":1104,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":1105,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":1106},"c98836fd-ec9c-48e9-af02-547cfbbff474","c98836fd-ec9c-48e9-af02-547cfbbff474.jpg","19 Malawi - governance behaviour change.jpg","19 Malawi   Governance Behaviour Change","image\u002Fjpeg","2026-05-25T18:19:14.000Z","2026-05-29T21:41:22.000Z",154777,1200,"At a workshop of the Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support project.",{},"2026-05-25T18:19:16.000Z",[1108,1118,1128,1138],{"id":566,"collection":35,"sort":36,"stories_id":1109,"item":1115},{"id":61,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":1088,"image":1095,"description":1089,"slug":1090,"highlights":1091,"region":1110,"area":1111,"content":1112,"tags":1113,"countries":1114},[295],[545],[566,576,596,533],[],[317],{"id":1116,"text":1117,"class":7,"title":65,"anchor":7},82,"Many anti-corruption and accountability programmes assume that training, funding and technical tools will be enough to strengthen civil society and drive reform.\n\nYet in many countries – including Malawi, where the programme was implemented – corruption is deeply embedded in political systems and social norms. Citizens and organisations working to strengthen accountability face limited resources, shifting political realities and shrinking civic space. Technical solutions alone are rarely enough to sustain change.",{"id":576,"collection":35,"sort":68,"stories_id":1119,"item":1125},{"id":61,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":1088,"image":1095,"description":1089,"slug":1090,"highlights":1091,"region":1120,"area":1121,"content":1122,"tags":1123,"countries":1124},[295],[545],[566,576,596,533],[],[317],{"id":1126,"text":1127,"class":7,"title":90,"anchor":7},83,"Through the Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support (MACCSS) project, implemented jointly with Adam Smith International, the Basel Institute worked with civil society, media and private-sector partners to strengthen accountability and anti-corruption efforts.\n\nThe programme moved away from predefined solutions towards a more adaptive approach centred on local ownership and learning by doing.\n\nAt its core was an Accountability Working Group that created space for peer learning, relationship building and experimentation. Partners analysed power dynamics, tested new approaches and refined strategies as contexts changed.\n\nWe also supported partners to design interventions targeting the behaviours and social norms that sustain corruption. With the Malawi Health Equity Network, for example, this included work to tackle bribery in health facilities by understanding and shifting intentions and beliefs.",{"id":596,"collection":35,"sort":80,"stories_id":1129,"item":1135},{"id":61,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":1088,"image":1095,"description":1089,"slug":1090,"highlights":1091,"region":1130,"area":1131,"content":1132,"tags":1133,"countries":1134},[295],[545],[566,576,596,533],[],[317],{"id":1136,"text":1137,"class":7,"title":114,"anchor":7},84,"The changes emerging through MACCSS are practical as well as institutional.\n\nCivil society organisations are collaborating more closely across sectors and geographies. Journalists and activists are pooling evidence. Civil servants are engaging more constructively on transparency and accountability issues. \n\nThe programme also helped strengthen the collective voice of accountability actors. Through the Accountability Working Group, partners pushed corruption priorities onto the agenda of Malawi’s 2025 Presidential Debate.",{"id":533,"collection":35,"sort":93,"stories_id":1139,"item":1145},{"id":61,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":1088,"image":1095,"description":1089,"slug":1090,"highlights":1091,"region":1140,"area":1141,"content":1142,"tags":1143,"countries":1144},[295],[545],[566,576,596,533],[],[317],{"id":1146,"text":1147,"class":7,"title":136,"anchor":7},85,"The Malawi experience is helping shape broader thinking on how accountability programmes can become more effective and locally owned.\n\nIn a joint [publication](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fpolitical-economy-weeds-embracing-complexity-anti-corruption-work-lessons-learned-anti) with Adam Smith International, the Basel Institute programme lead drew lessons from MACCSS to show why anti-corruption efforts need more than technical fixes alone. Lasting progress depends on trust, adaptive approaches and local stakeholders driving priorities and solutions.\n\nThe long-term goal extends beyond individual projects: building capable, connected networks that can sustain accountability efforts even with decreasing external support.",[],[1150],{"id":317,"stories_id":1151,"countries_id":1157},{"id":61,"status":6,"sort":7,"title":1088,"image":1095,"description":1089,"slug":1090,"highlights":1091,"region":1152,"area":1153,"content":1154,"tags":1155,"countries":1156},[295],[545],[566,576,596,533],[],[317],{"id":1158,"name":1159,"code":1160,"latitude":1161,"longitude":1162},153,"Malawi","MW",-13.25431,34.30152,1780676606923]