[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":496},["ShallowReactive",2],{"publication-understanding-terrorist-finance":3,"related-understanding-terrorist-finance":106},[4],{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"date_created":8,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":20,"link_internal":23,"link_external":24,"featured":28,"topics":29,"languages":31,"type":32,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":34,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"image":36,"countries":46,"tags":47,"pdf":87,"authors":88},2134,"published",null,"2022-04-27T11:57:22.000Z","2026-05-29T22:22:56.000Z",897,"understanding-terrorist-finance","Understanding Terrorist Finance","Understanding Terrorist Finance provides powerful new insights into the financial and economic realities of terrorist groups.  Dispelling popular myths, the book presents the first unified coherent framework for the systematic analysis of terrorist finance and includes empirical studies of the financing of groups in Europe, Africa, South Asia, and the Middle East. \n\nWittig finds that the activities typically represented as 'terrorist finance', such as donations, criminal activities and weapons procurement, ought to be understood in terms of how terrorist groups – as socio-political actors – access and interact with flows of economic value rather than as elements of an illicit financial edifice supposedly underpinning global terrorism. \n\nThe book represents a significant contribution to both research and practice.","","English",2011,"Palgrave Macmillan","2011-07-01",true,[21,22],"Anti-Money Laundering","Asset Recovery",[],[25],{"url":26,"caption":27},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.timothywittig.com\u002Fbook","View on author site",false,[21,30],"Asset Recovery and Enforcement",[15],[33],"Book",[35],"Collective Action",{"id":37,"storage":38,"filename_disk":39,"filename_download":40,"title":12,"type":41,"created_on":8,"modified_on":8,"charset":7,"filesize":42,"width":43,"height":44,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":7,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":45,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":8},"55db2ec3-467f-49bc-b05f-b630c92ae04d","local","55db2ec3-467f-49bc-b05f-b630c92ae04d.png","understandingterrorist.png","image\u002Fpng",649536,444,670,{},[],[48,70],{"id":49,"publications_id":50,"tags_id":67},4173,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":8,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":37,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":53,"link_internal":54,"link_external":55,"featured":28,"topics":57,"languages":58,"type":59,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":60,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":61,"tags":62,"pdf":64,"authors":65},"03bebfd8-0b40-4a2a-820d-b9d9c13b9de6","3d9ff205-1640-4f34-b5b6-86977f51bbd6",[21,22],[],[56],{"url":26,"caption":27},[21,30],[15],[33],[35],[],[49,63],5168,[],[66],2357,{"id":68,"name":69},867,"Financial crime",{"id":63,"publications_id":71,"tags_id":84},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":8,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":37,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":72,"link_internal":73,"link_external":74,"featured":28,"topics":76,"languages":77,"type":78,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":79,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":80,"tags":81,"pdf":82,"authors":83},[21,22],[],[75],{"url":26,"caption":27},[21,30],[15],[33],[35],[],[49,63],[],[66],{"id":85,"name":86},1215,"Illicit financial flows",[],[89],{"id":66,"publications_id":90,"authors_id":103},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":8,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":37,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":91,"link_internal":92,"link_external":93,"featured":28,"topics":95,"languages":96,"type":97,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":98,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":99,"tags":100,"pdf":101,"authors":102},[21,22],[],[94],{"url":26,"caption":27},[21,30],[15],[33],[35],[],[49,63],[],[66],{"id":104,"name":105,"position":7,"image":7},316,"Tim Wittig",[107,166,200,239,278,326,355,393,423,462],{"id":108,"slug":109,"title":110,"status":6,"nid":111,"year":112,"body":113,"external":28,"topic":114,"language":15,"type":115,"date_published":117,"image":118,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":120,"link_external":124,"authors":128,"countries":133,"tags":138,"pdf":159,"topics":161,"featured":19,"languages":162,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":163,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":164,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":165},2366,"wp-54","Working Paper 54: Targeting illicit wealth through non-conviction based forfeiture: Identifying human rights and other standards for Latin America",2701,2024,"This Working Paper explores the wide variety of non-conviction based (NCB) forfeiture laws in Latin America, with a special focus on the region’s predominant model, *Extinción de dominio*.\n\nIt argues that NCB forfeiture legislation, which allows for the recovery of stolen assets outside of criminal proceedings, can contribute significantly to a state’s criminal policy response to rampant economic and organised crime.\n\nThe paper emphasises the importance of critically reviewing and harmonising domestic practices of NCB forfeiture around emerging standards, so that they can reach their large potential in asset recovery. Ensuring their alignment with international human rights and other recognised norms and procedural rules ultimately builds trust, lends legitimacy and fosters judicial cooperation in international NCB forfeiture cases.\n\n### About this report\n\nThe paper is based on experience gained through the Basel Institute’s \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fasset-recovery\">International Centre for Asset Recovery\u003C\u002Fa> (ICAR), which since 2006 has supported partner countries in investigating, prosecuting and recovering assets arising from grand corruption and other crimes.\n\nThis paper is published as part of the Basel Institute on Governance Working Paper series, ISSN: 2624-9650. You may share or republish the Working Paper under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002Fdeed.en\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa>).\n\nSuggested citation: Solórzano, Oscar. 2024. ‘Targeting illicit wealth through non-conviction based forfeiture: Identifying human rights and other standards for Latin America.’ Working Paper 54, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-54.",[22],[116],"Working Paper","2024-09-30","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F37616510-2f1f-4ab6-9405-845433d6fa3b?width=600&height=840","Basel Institute on Governance",[121],{"url":122,"caption":123},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications?type=Working%20Paper"," View all Working Papers",[125],{"url":126,"caption":127},"route:\u003Cnolink>"," Download PDF (Spanish - forthcoming)",[129],{"authors_id":130},{"id":131,"name":132},294,"Oscar Solorzano",[134],{"countries_id":135},{"id":136,"name":137},171,"Peru",[139,143,147,149,153,157],{"tags_id":140},{"id":141,"name":142},843,"Asset recovery",{"tags_id":144},{"id":145,"name":146},932,"Human rights",{"tags_id":148},{"id":68,"name":69},{"tags_id":150},{"id":151,"name":152},967,"Organised crime",{"tags_id":154},{"id":155,"name":156},1379,"Non-conviction based forfeiture",{"tags_id":158},{"id":85,"name":86},[160],2404,[30],[15],"2024-10-03T16:05:11.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:47.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-54",{"id":167,"slug":168,"title":169,"status":6,"nid":170,"year":171,"body":172,"external":28,"topic":173,"language":15,"type":174,"date_published":176,"image":177,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":178,"link_external":182,"authors":183,"countries":188,"tags":189,"pdf":194,"topics":196,"featured":28,"languages":7,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":197,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":198,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":199},2423,"qg42","Quick Guide 42: Non-conviction based confiscation",2856,2025,"Criminals exploit legal loopholes, borders and other avenues to conceal the proceeds of their illegal activities and evade prosecution. Meanwhile, they use their illicit proceeds to buy luxury villas or increase their power and influence. Victims of crime – including communities affected by corruption – suffer the losses.\n\nOne tool to address this problem is non-conviction based confiscation: legal mechanisms that allow states to recover illicit assets even in the absence of a criminal conviction. It is also known as non-conviction based forfeiture or, in some jurisdictions, civil confiscation or civil forfeiture.\n\nThis Quick Guide outlines in simple terms how non-conviction based confiscation is used, the concerns and challenges it faces and how it can be implemented in line with established legal safeguards.\n\n### About this Quick Guide\n\nYou are free to share and republish this work under a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 Licence\u003C\u002Fa>. It is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Quick Guide series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type=2428\">ISSN 2673-5229\u003C\u002Fa>.",[22],[175],"Quick Guide","2025-10-16","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Fa1e40d9b-26cb-4ffc-879f-d7edee80ecbb?width=600&height=840",[179],{"url":180,"caption":181},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications?type=Quick%20Guide"," View all Quick Guides",[],[184],{"authors_id":185},{"id":186,"name":187},553,"Rita Simões",[],[190,192],{"tags_id":191},{"id":155,"name":156},{"tags_id":193},{"id":85,"name":86},[195],2479,[30],"2025-10-16T10:05:33.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:55.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fqg42",{"id":201,"slug":202,"title":203,"status":6,"nid":204,"year":112,"body":205,"external":28,"topic":206,"language":15,"type":207,"date_published":208,"image":209,"citation":210,"publisher":211,"link_internal":212,"link_external":214,"authors":215,"countries":220,"tags":221,"pdf":232,"topics":234,"featured":28,"languages":235,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":236,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":237,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":238},2340,"wp-51","Working Paper 51: Good practices in asset recovery legislation in selected OSCE participating States",2607,"Asset recovery tools are integral to combating corruption, organised crime, sanctions evasion and other profit-motivated crimes. However, in many participating States of the OSCE, the range of asset recovery tools available to law enforcement and criminal justice agencies is limited.\n\nThis Working Paper identifies legislative mechanisms in OSCE participating States that empower the state to confiscate suspected or proven proceeds of crime. The overall objective is to ascertain: \n\n\n- Established good practices with regard to the design of these legislative mechanisms.\n- Any unique approaches that particular countries have taken in this context that could be replicated and tested in other jurisdictions.\n\n\nIt covers:\n\n\n- Conviction-based asset recovery mechanisms.\n- Non-conviction based mechanisms including civil recovery.\n- Additional mechanisms such as illicit enrichment laws and other laws that reverse the burden of proof regarding the legitimacy of assets.\n- Considerations regarding the adoption of broader asset recovery laws.\n- Approaches to the disposal of confiscated assets.\n- Common challenges in the implementation of asset recovery mechanisms.\n\n\n### About this report\n\nThis comparative study was conducted and drafted by the International Centre for Asset Recovery at the Basel Institute on Governance for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). The paper was commissioned under the extra-budgetary project ‘Strengthening asset recovery efforts in the OSCE region’ implemented by the OSCE Secretariat’s Transnational Threats Department and the Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities.\n\nIt is published as part of the Basel Institute on Governance Working Paper series, ISSN: 2624-9650. You may share or republish it under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence.\n\n### Disclaimer\n\nThis Working Paper is intended for general informational purposes and does not constitute and\u002For substitute legal or other professional advice. The contents are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views and the official position of the Basel Institute on Governance, the OSCE and its participating States.",[22],[116],"2024-03-25","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F874c9d29-7337-4e37-8b50-36a26d00bf28?width=600&height=840","Dornbierer, Andrew. 2024. ‘Good practices in asset recovery legislation in selected OSCE participating States.’ Working Paper 51, Basel Institute on Governance and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). Available at: baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-51","Basel Institute on Governance; Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)",[213],{"url":122,"caption":123},[],[216],{"authors_id":217},{"id":218,"name":219},306,"Andrew Dornbierer",[],[222,226,228,230],{"tags_id":223},{"id":224,"name":225},821,"Unexplained wealth",{"tags_id":227},{"id":155,"name":156},{"tags_id":229},{"id":141,"name":142},{"tags_id":231},{"id":85,"name":86},[233],2377,[30],[15],"2024-03-25T11:04:47.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:45.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-51",{"id":240,"slug":241,"title":242,"status":6,"nid":243,"year":112,"body":244,"external":28,"topic":245,"language":15,"type":246,"date_published":248,"image":249,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":250,"link_external":254,"authors":258,"countries":261,"tags":262,"pdf":271,"topics":273,"featured":28,"languages":274,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":275,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":276,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":277},2383,"pb-14","Policy Brief 14: Targeting unexplained wealth: Implications of the EU’s 2024 Directive on asset recovery",2739,"The European Union’s 2024 \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fdata.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Fdir\u002F2024\u002F1260\u002Foj\">Directive on Asset Recovery and Confiscation\u003C\u002Fa> obliges Member States to, among other things, introduce legislative measures to enable the confiscation of “unexplained wealth”.\n\nThis policy paper examines this Article and the powers and restrictions that Member States will need to include in such “unexplained wealth” measures to ensure compliance with the Directive.\n\nIn brief, the Directive gives legislators in EU Member States flexibility to decide the scope of their own unexplained wealth measures. At a minimum, they must introduce measures that can be used to target unexplained wealth linked to organised crime.\n\nMember States could, however, adopt broader measures target unexplained wealth relating to all criminal activity, including corruption.\n\n### About this Policy Brief\n\nThis publication is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Policy Brief series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type[]=257\">ISSN 2624-9669\u003C\u002Fa>.\n\nYou may freely share or republish it under a Creative Commons \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa> licence. Suggested citation: Dornbierer, Andrew. 2024. ‘Targeting unexplained wealth: Implications of the EU’s 2024 Directive on asset recovery.’ Policy Brief 14, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpb-14\">baselgovernance.org\u002Fpb-14\u003C\u002Fa>. \n\nThis is a publication of the International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) at the Basel Institute on Governance. ICAR receives core funding from the Governments of Jersey, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland and the UK.",[22],[247],"Policy Brief","2024-01-13","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F9b9b6a62-6a97-4851-957f-1f36155e8f32?width=600&height=840",[251],{"url":252,"caption":253},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications?type=Policy%20Brief"," View all Policy Briefs",[255],{"url":256,"caption":257},"https:\u002F\u002Fillicitenrichment.baselgovernance.org\u002F"," Free book: Illicit Enrichment",[259],{"authors_id":260},{"id":218,"name":219},[],[263,265,267,269],{"tags_id":264},{"id":224,"name":225},{"tags_id":266},{"id":85,"name":86},{"tags_id":268},{"id":141,"name":142},{"tags_id":270},{"id":145,"name":146},[272],2419,[30],[15],"2025-01-13T11:05:26.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:49.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-14",{"id":279,"slug":280,"title":281,"status":6,"nid":282,"year":283,"body":284,"external":28,"topic":285,"language":15,"type":286,"date_published":287,"image":288,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":289,"link_external":290,"authors":291,"countries":294,"tags":307,"pdf":320,"topics":321,"featured":28,"languages":322,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":323,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":324,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":325},2266,"wp-42","[Forthcoming] Working Paper 42: Confiscating assets frozen under sanctions without undermining the rule of law",2338,2023,"This paper will be released on 21 February 2023.\n\nWritten in the light of Russia's war of aggression in Ukraine, the Working Paper explores whether it is justifiable to confiscate assets frozen under financial sanctions in order to redirect them to the victims of state aggression. \n\nThe paper first explores the concept of sanctions and financial sanctions (asset freezes) and what they mean in practice.\n\nUsing the example of Canada, which has introduced a legislative mechanism for this purpose, the paper analyses whether states should be able to confiscate sanctioned assets purely on the basis that they have been sanctioned.\n\nIt then looks at more established measures that states could adopt and apply to target sanctioned assets, including:\n\n\n- Traditional conviction based confiscation measures, including 'extended confiscation' mechanisms\n- Non-conviction based confiscation (forfeiture) measures\n- Unexplained wealth laws\n\n\nThe paper recommends ways to maximise the effectiveness of these alternative avenues for recovering assets, which are much less controversial and can arguably be applied without infringing on legal rights. \n\nOpting for mechanisms that abide by established legal rights will not only significantly increase the chance of recovering assets without subsequent legal challenges. It will also ensure that the very reason for targeting the assets in the first place – namely to seek justice and compensation for acts of aggression – is not undermined through the erosion of the rule of law. \n\n### About this Paper\n\nThis Working Paper was prepared by the Basel Institute on Governance.\n\nIt is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Working Paper Series, ISSN: 2624-9650. You may share or republish the Working Paper under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (\u003Ca href=\"mailto:https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa>).\n\nSuggested citation: Dornbierer, Andrew. 2023. ‘Confiscating assets frozen under sanctions without undermining the rule of law.’ Working Paper 42, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"mailto:https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-42\">baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-42\u003C\u002Fa>.\n\n### Acknowledgements\n\nThe Basel Institute would like to thank Isys Lam and the law firms of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbonifassi-avocats.com\u002Fen\u002F\">Bonifassi Avocats\u003C\u002Fa> (France), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.hengeler.com\u002Fen\">Hengeler Mueller\u003C\u002Fa> (Germany), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bennettjones.com\u002F\">Bennett Jones\u003C\u002Fa> (Canada) and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.raassociados.pt\u002F\">Rogério Alves & Associados\u003C\u002Fa> (Portugal) for their support in providing research for this paper.\n\nThe Basel Institute would also like to thank Stefan Lenz, Stefan Cassella, Maria Nizzero, Nicola Bonucci and Oscar Solórzano for their support in reviewing the content of the paper and recommending amendments.",[22],[116],"2023-02-20","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Faaa4fae3-eea5-4be3-95b1-4de7e87fabb4?width=600&height=840",[],[],[292],{"authors_id":293},{"id":218,"name":219},[295,299,303],{"countries_id":296},{"id":297,"name":298},36,"Canada",{"countries_id":300},{"id":301,"name":302},188,"Russia",{"countries_id":304},{"id":305,"name":306},225,"Ukraine",[308,312,314,316,318],{"tags_id":309},{"id":310,"name":311},1227,"Sanctions",{"tags_id":313},{"id":224,"name":225},{"tags_id":315},{"id":141,"name":142},{"tags_id":317},{"id":155,"name":156},{"tags_id":319},{"id":85,"name":86},[],[30],[15],"2023-02-20T17:04:17.000Z","2026-05-31T22:52:10.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-42",{"id":327,"slug":328,"title":329,"status":6,"nid":330,"year":171,"body":331,"external":28,"topic":332,"language":15,"type":333,"date_published":335,"image":336,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":337,"link_external":338,"authors":342,"countries":343,"tags":344,"pdf":349,"topics":351,"featured":28,"languages":7,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":352,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":353,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":354},2429,"basel-aml-index-2025","Basel AML Index 2025",2893,"This is the 14th annual Public Edition report of the Basel AML Index, an independent, data-based ranking and risk assessment tool for money laundering and related financial crime risks around the world.\n\nThe Basel AML Index provides risk scores for jurisdictions based on data from 17 publicly accessible sources such as the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), Transparency International and the Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime. The risk scores cover five domains considered to contribute to a high money laundering risk:\n\n\n- Quality of AML\u002FCFT\u002FCPF framework\n- Corruption and fraud risks\n- Financial transparency and standards\n- Public transparency and accountability\n- Political and legal risks\n\n\nThe Basel AML Index is developed and maintained by the Basel Institute on Governance through its \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fnode\u002F25\">International Centre for Asset Recovery\u003C\u002Fa> (ICAR). ICAR receives core funding from the Governments of Jersey, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland and the UK.",[21,22],[334],"Report","2025-12-08","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F19665416-644c-4110-9642-07b31f849971?width=600&height=840",[],[339],{"url":340,"caption":341},"https:\u002F\u002Findex.baselgovernance.org\u002F"," View Basel AML Index website",[],[],[345],{"tags_id":346},{"id":347,"name":348},1346,"Basel AML Index",[350],2484,[21,30],"2025-12-08T11:05:33.000Z","2026-05-29T22:23:02.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fbasel-aml-index-2025",{"id":356,"slug":357,"title":358,"status":6,"nid":359,"year":112,"body":360,"external":28,"topic":361,"language":15,"type":362,"date_published":363,"image":364,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":365,"link_external":366,"authors":367,"countries":372,"tags":373,"pdf":386,"topics":388,"featured":28,"languages":389,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":390,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":391,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":392},2378,"qg34","Quick Guide 34: Public-private partnerships for financial intelligence sharing",2724,"Financial intelligence is the staple food of investigations into corruption, money laundering and other financial crimes.\n\nMuch financial intelligence is held by private-sector institutions such as banks and other financial service providers. How does that get into the hands of law enforcement, where it can trigger or inform investigations? And how can we improve the system?\n\nThis Quick Guide gives a brief introduction to public-private partnerships or platforms for financial intelligence sharing. It sets out how they work in practice, and how they can improve the sharing of targeted, useful information between law enforcement and financial institutions.\n\n### About this Quick Guide\n\nYou are free to share and republish this work under a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 Licence\u003C\u002Fa>. It is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Quick Guide series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type=2428\">ISSN 2673-5229\u003C\u002Fa>.",[21,22],[175],"2024-11-25","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F01dea28f-22b8-47cd-bf86-ddee24683c2b?width=600&height=840",[],[],[368],{"authors_id":369},{"id":370,"name":371},327,"Simon Marsh",[],[374,378,382],{"tags_id":375},{"id":376,"name":377},1193,"Financial investigations",{"tags_id":379},{"id":380,"name":381},818,"Anti-money laundering",{"tags_id":383},{"id":384,"name":385},1374,"Law enforcement",[387],2416,[21,30],[15],"2024-12-05T14:06:47.000Z","2026-05-31T22:51:55.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fqg34",{"id":394,"slug":395,"title":396,"status":6,"nid":397,"year":112,"body":398,"external":28,"topic":399,"language":15,"type":400,"date_published":401,"image":402,"citation":14,"publisher":403,"link_internal":404,"link_external":408,"authors":409,"countries":410,"tags":411,"pdf":416,"topics":418,"featured":28,"languages":419,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":420,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":421,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":422},2349,"race-against-time-europol-basel-institute-governance-recommendations-preventing-and","A race against time: Europol – Basel Institute on Governance recommendations on preventing and combating the criminal use of cryptocurrencies",2619,"These recommendations follow the 7th Global Conference on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies on 26–27 October 2023. The conference was co-organised by Europol and the Basel Institute on Governance and took place in hybrid format at Europol’s headquarters in The Hague, Netherlands. \n\nThe five recommendations highlight the need for accelerated action in order to combat the use of crypto assets, as well the allocation of more resources, better training and better collaboration.\n\nThey are to: \n\n\n- Accelerate innovation for investigative and monitoring tools \n- Boost enforcement capacity and training\n- Reorganise to foster collaboration and prioritisation \n- Engage proactively in multi-sector collaborations  \n- Consider the whole chain, from prevention to facilitators \n",[21,22],[334],"2024-05-08","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F0de3625e-aacc-4db2-93f0-2e17d0a32c75?width=600&height=840","Europol and Basel Institute on Governance",[405],{"url":406,"caption":407},"\u002Fresources\u002Fnews\u002Fshaping-an-international-response-against-the-criminal-misuse-of-cryptocurrencies-2525"," View conference summary",[],[],[],[412],{"tags_id":413},{"id":414,"name":415},854,"Virtual assets",[417],2388,[21,30],[15],"2024-05-08T10:04:39.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:46.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Frace-against-time-europol-basel-institute-governance-recommendations-preventing-and",{"id":424,"slug":425,"title":426,"status":6,"nid":427,"year":283,"body":428,"external":28,"topic":429,"language":15,"type":430,"date_published":431,"image":432,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":433,"link_external":435,"authors":438,"countries":443,"tags":444,"pdf":455,"topics":457,"featured":28,"languages":458,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":459,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":460,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":461},2295,"pb-12","Policy Brief 12: De-risking of Russian clients: best intentions, unintended consequences",2480,"After the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the wide-reaching sanctions which ensued, many Western financial institutions began to de-risk Russian clients. Dealing with Russian clients, in many cases, has become expensive from a compliance point of view and toxic from the reputational side.\n\nHowever, the de-risking of unsanctioned Russian individuals may have a significant impact on the fight against financial crime by potentially causing:\n\n\n- an increase in the use of shadow\u002Funregulated channels of moving money;\n- a withdrawal of funds away from the European zone to sanctioned countries or non-cooperative jurisdictions;\n- severe burdens on the investigation of financial crimes (especially in relation to Russian assets and investments) and on international cooperation in criminal matters;\n- increased opportunities for enablers, such as unscrupulous lawyers and accountants, to take advantage of the situation.\n\n\nThis Policy Brief outlines the current situation and suggests how to better manage risk without having a negative impact on the fight against financial crime.\n\n### About this Policy Brief\n\nThis publication is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Policy Brief series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type[]=257\">ISSN 2624-9669\u003C\u002Fa> and relates to the Basel AML Index of money laundering risk.\n\nYou may freely share or republish it under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa>). Suggested citation: Boguslavska, Kateryna. 2023. ‘De-risking of Russian clients: best intentions, unintended consequences.’ Policy Brief 12, Basel Institute on Governance, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-12\">https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-12\u003C\u002Fa>.",[21,22],[247],"2023-06-30","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F8013d7b0-82aa-46f8-bde7-a8790f71a59e?width=600&height=840",[434],{"url":252,"caption":253},[436],{"url":340,"caption":437}," Visit Basel AML Index website",[439],{"authors_id":440},{"id":441,"name":442},301,"Kateryna Boguslavska",[],[445,447,451,453],{"tags_id":446},{"id":380,"name":381},{"tags_id":448},{"id":449,"name":450},1236,"Compliance",{"tags_id":452},{"id":310,"name":311},{"tags_id":454},{"id":384,"name":385},[456],2333,[21,30],[15],"2023-06-30T08:38:07.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:08.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-12",{"id":463,"slug":464,"title":465,"status":6,"nid":466,"year":283,"body":467,"external":28,"topic":468,"language":15,"type":469,"date_published":470,"image":471,"citation":14,"publisher":119,"link_internal":472,"link_external":473,"authors":477,"countries":480,"tags":481,"pdf":488,"topics":491,"featured":28,"languages":492,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":51,"date_created":493,"user_updated":52,"date_updated":494,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":495},2276,"quick-guide-29-money-laundering-and-sanctions-evasion-using-art-market","Quick Guide 29: Money laundering and sanctions evasion using the art market",2428,"The art market is often described as ‘niche’. In reality, it is a significant trade industry: sales of art and antiques by dealers and auction houses reached an estimated USD 65.1 billion in 2021. And like many industries of this size, it attracts people seeking to abuse it to launder proceeds of crime or evade sanctions.\n\nThis quick guide briefly explains the unique characteristics of the art market that make it vulnerable to this type of abuse. It also outlines steps that jurisdictions can take to prevent and combat abuse of the sector for illicit purposes.\n\n### About this Quick Guide\n\nThis work is licensed under a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License\u003C\u002Fa>. It is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Quick Guide series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type=2428\">ISSN 2673-5229\u003C\u002Fa>.",[21,22],[175],"2023-04-12","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F8029c862-8f97-4c17-8c3d-570ea42a1ba4?width=600&height=840",[],[474],{"url":475,"caption":476},"https:\u002F\u002Flearn.baselgovernance.org\u002Fcourse\u002Fview.php?id=176"," View on Basel LEARN",[478],{"authors_id":479},{"id":218,"name":219},[],[482,486],{"tags_id":483},{"id":484,"name":485},879,"Money laundering",{"tags_id":487},{"id":380,"name":381},[489,490],2312,2313,[21,30],[15],"2023-04-12T10:04:20.000Z","2026-05-31T22:52:11.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fquick-guide-29-money-laundering-and-sanctions-evasion-using-art-market",1780676553177]