[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":542},["ShallowReactive",2],{"publication-research-case-1":3,"related-research-case-1":115},[4],{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"date_created":8,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":20,"link_internal":22,"link_external":29,"featured":19,"topics":30,"languages":32,"type":33,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"image":35,"countries":46,"tags":72,"pdf":73,"authors":96},2267,"published",null,"2023-03-06T11:04:19.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:04.000Z",2396,"research-case-1","Research case study 1: Targeting corrupt behaviours in a Tanzanian hospital: A social norms approach","This research case study describes how a pilot behavioural anti-corruption intervention succeeded in reducing “gift giving” in a Tanzanian hospital. It targeted deeply ingrained social norms while also leveraging the social networks of key staff members.\n\nThis research project was funded by the Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme (GI-ACE), funded with UK aid from the UK government. The project implementation was a collaboration between the Basel Institute on Governance, the UK Behavioural Insights Team, the University of Dar es Salam and the University of Utrecht. \n\nAll results are freely shareable under a Creative Commons licence.\n\n ","","English",2023,"Basel Institute on Governance","2023-03-06",false,[21],"Public Governance",[23,26],{"url":24,"caption":25},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-40"," View related Working Paper",{"url":27,"caption":28},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002FTZ-giftgiving"," View related technical report",[],[31],"Corruption Prevention and Public Governance",[15],[34],"Research Case Study",{"id":36,"storage":37,"filename_disk":38,"filename_download":39,"title":40,"type":41,"created_on":8,"modified_on":8,"charset":7,"filesize":42,"width":43,"height":44,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":7,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":45,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":8},"b0bb97ec-caa3-4529-b183-10c7f1cd2d4f","local","b0bb97ec-caa3-4529-b183-10c7f1cd2d4f.jpg?itok=OCDijmJY","Pages-from-230221-Research-case-study-01.jpg?itok=OCDijmJY","Research case study cover page","image\u002Fjpeg",51869,500,707,{},[47],{"id":48,"publications_id":49,"countries_id":66},1060,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":8,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":36,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":52,"link_internal":53,"link_external":56,"featured":19,"topics":57,"languages":58,"type":59,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":60,"tags":61,"pdf":62,"authors":64},"03bebfd8-0b40-4a2a-820d-b9d9c13b9de6","3d9ff205-1640-4f34-b5b6-86977f51bbd6",[21],[54,55],{"url":24,"caption":25},{"url":27,"caption":28},[],[31],[15],[34],[48],[],[63],2306,[65],2482,{"id":67,"name":68,"code":69,"latitude":70,"longitude":71},224,"Tanzania","TZ",-6.36903,34.88882,[],[74],{"id":63,"publications_id":75,"directus_files_id":88},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":8,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":36,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":76,"link_internal":77,"link_external":80,"featured":19,"topics":81,"languages":82,"type":83,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":84,"tags":85,"pdf":86,"authors":87},[21],[78,79],{"url":24,"caption":25},{"url":27,"caption":28},[],[31],[15],[34],[48],[],[63],[65],{"id":89,"storage":37,"filename_disk":90,"filename_download":91,"title":91,"type":92,"folder":93,"uploaded_by":50,"created_on":8,"modified_by":7,"modified_on":8,"charset":7,"filesize":94,"width":7,"height":7,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":95,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":7,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":8},"dc3633ba-4fc0-4440-b097-9885543c0461","dc3633ba-4fc0-4440-b097-9885543c0461.pdf","230306-Research-case-study-01b.pdf","application\u002Fpdf","67f22e04-d26f-4baa-b91f-acc5f89d87f5",856694,"Download research case study",[97],{"id":65,"publications_id":98,"authors_id":111},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":8,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":36,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":99,"link_internal":100,"link_external":103,"featured":19,"topics":104,"languages":105,"type":106,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":107,"tags":108,"pdf":109,"authors":110},[21],[101,102],{"url":24,"caption":25},{"url":27,"caption":28},[],[31],[15],[34],[48],[],[63],[65],{"id":112,"name":113,"position":7,"image":114},295,"Claudia Baez Camargo","efaca248-6b57-4e2e-af40-614056eb022c",[116,162,202,230,262,311,374,423,451,490],{"id":117,"slug":118,"title":119,"status":6,"nid":120,"year":16,"body":121,"external":19,"topic":122,"language":15,"type":123,"date_published":124,"image":125,"citation":126,"publisher":17,"link_internal":127,"link_external":131,"authors":132,"countries":139,"tags":142,"pdf":155,"topics":157,"featured":19,"languages":158,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":159,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":160,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":161},2324,"research-case-5","Research Case Study 5: Harnessing behavioural approaches against corruption",2550,"Social norms and behaviour change (SNBC) approaches are a promising complement to conventional anti-corruption strategies. Adopting a context-sensitive and nuanced approach is an essential ingredient for success.\n\nWe wanted to understand if and how behavioural approaches can promote anti-corruption outcomes, as well as conditions for success.\n\nTo do this we reviewed research from 2016–2022 on the use of behavioural approaches in anti-corruption practice. We also analysed our practical experience designing and piloting an intervention to tackle social norms of reciprocity which fuel bribery in health facilities in Tanzania.",[21],[34],"2023-12-05","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Fa4b5e14a-9841-4feb-8411-335c9f972aba?width=600&height=840","Baez Camargo, Claudia, and Saba Kassa. 2023. ‘Harnessing behavioural approaches against corruption.’ Research Case Study 5, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: baselgov- ernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-5.",[128],{"url":129,"caption":130},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications?type=Research%20Case%20Study"," View all research case studies",[],[133,135],{"authors_id":134},{"id":112,"name":113},{"authors_id":136},{"id":137,"name":138},303,"Saba Kassa",[140],{"countries_id":141},{"id":67,"name":68},[143,147,151],{"tags_id":144},{"id":145,"name":146},848,"Behavioural science",{"tags_id":148},{"id":149,"name":150},1309,"Informality",{"tags_id":152},{"id":153,"name":154},982,"Anti-corruption",[156],2360,[31],[15],"2023-12-06T11:04:47.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:43.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-5",{"id":163,"slug":164,"title":165,"status":6,"nid":166,"year":16,"body":167,"external":19,"topic":168,"language":15,"type":169,"date_published":170,"image":171,"citation":14,"publisher":17,"link_internal":172,"link_external":173,"authors":174,"countries":183,"tags":190,"pdf":195,"topics":197,"featured":19,"languages":198,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":199,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":200,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":201},2278,"research-case-2","Research case study 2: Leveraging informal networks for anti-corruption in East Africa",2432,"Citizens and business people may invest significant time and money in building informal networks with public officials to overcome public service delivery shortcomings and access business opportunities. Understanding these networks better can strengthen anti-corruption efforts.\n\nThis research case study gives a brief overview of our Public Governance team's research in Uganda and Tanzania. Through interviews, the team explored when, how and why informal networks are built and used to access public services or business opportunities corruptly.\n\nThe research project described was carried out under the Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme (GI-ACE), funded with UK aid from the UK government. All results are freely shareable under a Creative Commons licence.",[21],[34],"2023-05-17","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F7d1b37bc-c9a9-458b-9b5c-5e140061e6dd?width=600&height=840",[],[],[175,177,179],{"authors_id":176},{"id":112,"name":113},{"authors_id":178},{"id":137,"name":138},{"authors_id":180},{"id":181,"name":182},304,"Jacopo Costa",[184,188],{"countries_id":185},{"id":186,"name":187},226,"Uganda",{"countries_id":189},{"id":67,"name":68},[191,193],{"tags_id":192},{"id":145,"name":146},{"tags_id":194},{"id":149,"name":150},[196],2314,[31],[15],"2023-05-17T10:04:49.000Z","2026-05-31T22:52:11.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-2",{"id":203,"slug":204,"title":205,"status":6,"nid":206,"year":16,"body":207,"external":19,"topic":208,"language":15,"type":209,"date_published":210,"image":211,"citation":212,"publisher":17,"link_internal":213,"link_external":215,"authors":216,"countries":221,"tags":222,"pdf":223,"topics":225,"featured":19,"languages":226,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":227,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":228,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":229},2323,"research-case-6","Research Case Study 6: Sextortion – an unaddressed form of corruption and sexual abuse",2551,"Research findings from Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda raise concerns about the extent and impact of sextortion, sometimes called sexual corruption. Efforts to understand its impact and underlying causes will help us to address this widespread yet widely ignored problem.\n\nSextortion causes severe psychological harm and impacts victims’ health and well-being yet receives insufficient attention in both research and policy-making. \n\nOur research aims to turn attention towards this crucial issue, to unveil and address sextortion and the social norms that enable and perpetuate it.",[21],[34],"2023-12-06","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Fa0d1335d-f0a0-4a5a-9591-88db1b0f4c03?width=600&height=840","Schönberg, Johanna. 2023. ‘Sextortion: an unaddressed form of corruption and sexual abuse.’ Research Case Study 6, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-6.",[214],{"url":129,"caption":130},[],[217],{"authors_id":218},{"id":219,"name":220},524,"Johanna Schönberg",[],[],[224],2359,[31],[15],"2023-12-06T11:04:46.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:42.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-6",{"id":231,"slug":232,"title":233,"status":6,"nid":234,"year":16,"body":235,"external":19,"topic":236,"language":15,"type":238,"date_published":239,"image":240,"citation":14,"publisher":17,"link_internal":241,"link_external":243,"authors":244,"countries":247,"tags":248,"pdf":255,"topics":257,"featured":19,"languages":258,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":259,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":260,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":261},2311,"research-case-4","Research case study 4: Deconstructing a criminal network involved in illegal wildlife trade between East Africa and Southeast Asia ",2518,"The illegal wildlife trade threatens biodiversity and security worldwide. Criminal networks pocket billions of dollars in illicit profits from stripping the world bare of endangered species and corrupting politicians and public officials in the process.\n\nYet there is very little empirical evidence on the role of both ordinary citizens and criminal networks in the illegal wildlife trade. Our research aims to fill this gap.\n\nWe used social network analysis and network ethnography techniques to study the criminal network of a wildlife trafficker based in East Africa. The insights can bolster law enforcement efforts aimed at identifying and dismantling wildlife trafficking networks.",[237,21],"Green Corruption",[34],"2023-10-11","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F19e03984-8caf-4871-8d80-b7226ea6403c?width=600&height=840",[242],{"url":129,"caption":130},[],[245],{"authors_id":246},{"id":181,"name":182},[],[249,253],{"tags_id":250},{"id":251,"name":252},1303,"Environment",{"tags_id":254},{"id":149,"name":150},[256],2347,[237,31],[15],"2023-10-11T16:04:41.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:41.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-4",{"id":263,"slug":264,"title":265,"status":6,"nid":266,"year":16,"body":267,"external":19,"topic":268,"language":15,"type":269,"date_published":270,"image":271,"citation":14,"publisher":17,"link_internal":272,"link_external":276,"authors":277,"countries":280,"tags":289,"pdf":304,"topics":306,"featured":19,"languages":307,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":308,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":309,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":310},2283,"research-case-3","Research Case Study 3: Exposing the networks behind transnational corruption and money laundering schemes",2454,"Corruption is increasingly understood as a form of collective, social behaviour. It slips easily across borders and involves sophisticated financial strategies and transactions to launder the stolen money. \n\nYet the nexus between corruption and money laundering is poorly understood. So too are the structures, functions and mechanisms that enable these crimes.\n\nWe applied analytical tools to reveal the complex networks behind a corruption and money laundering scheme involving Odebrecht and Peru’s former president. The insights can support strategic approaches to fight transnational corruption.",[21],[34],"2023-05-31","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Fca5d66b9-58f2-42fd-afa6-1d3224f01f9d?width=600&height=840",[273,275],{"url":274,"caption":25},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fworking-paper-36-revealing-networks-behind-corruption-and-money-laundering-schemes",{"url":129,"caption":130},[],[278],{"authors_id":279},{"id":181,"name":182},[281,285],{"countries_id":282},{"id":283,"name":284},171,"Peru",{"countries_id":286},{"id":287,"name":288},29,"Brazil",[290,294,296,300],{"tags_id":291},{"id":292,"name":293},879,"Money laundering",{"tags_id":295},{"id":149,"name":150},{"tags_id":297},{"id":298,"name":299},1373,"Corruption prevention",{"tags_id":301},{"id":302,"name":303},818,"Anti-money laundering",[305],2318,[31],[15],"2023-05-31T10:04:29.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:06.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-3",{"id":312,"slug":313,"title":314,"status":6,"nid":315,"year":316,"body":317,"external":19,"topic":318,"language":15,"type":321,"date_published":323,"image":324,"citation":14,"publisher":325,"link_internal":326,"link_external":330,"authors":334,"countries":363,"tags":366,"pdf":367,"topics":368,"featured":19,"languages":370,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":371,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":372,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":373},2382,"addressing-bribery-and-associated-social-norms-healthcare-results-behaviour-change","Addressing Bribery and Associated Social Norms in Healthcare: Results of a Behaviour Change Intervention in Tanzania",2740,2025,"This open-access, peer-reviewed journal article examines the results of a pilot behavioural intervention in Tanzania. The project tested a behavioural anti-corruption intervention to reduce bribery in a hospital. It targeted deeply ingrained social norms while also leveraging the social networks and influence of key staff members.\n\nThe research was funded by the Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme of the UK Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO). It was a collaboration between the Basel Institute on Governance, the UK Behavioural Insights Team, the University of Dar es Salam and the University of Utrecht.\n\n### Abstract\n\nPractices of bribery in the delivery of public services become entrenched when they are driven by social norms of reciprocity.\n\nThe resulting economies of favours, which are common across diverse geographical regions, are resilient to conventional anti-corruption measures because they are underpinned by strong social pressures.\n\nThis article describes the results of a behaviour change intervention to address gift-giving as a form of bribery in a Tanzanian hospital. The intervention utilised environmental cues and a peer-led network approach to deliver messages aimed at disincentivising bribery.\n\nAn exit survey of hospital users indicates a reduction of the ‘gift-offering propensity score’, capturing self-declared behaviour, from 23% before implementation of the intervention to 13% afterwards. We find similar changes in the enabling norms score.\n\nSemi-structured interviews with hospital users and health workers further support these findings.\n\nThese results suggest that practices and norms around bribery might be changed through a multi-pronged approach that addresses both the ‘supply’ and ‘demand’ side of bribery.",[319,320],"Prevention","Research and Innovation",[322],"Article","2025-01-09","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Fcfaba3e7-52ad-42b4-b9e1-1542534afed9?width=600&height=840","European Journal of Social Psychology",[327],{"url":328,"caption":329},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fresearch-case-1"," View project summary",[331],{"url":332,"caption":333},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fejsp.3140","View open-access article",[335,339,343,347,351,355,359],{"authors_id":336},{"id":337,"name":338},554,"Dr Claudia Baez Camargo",{"authors_id":340},{"id":341,"name":342},505,"Violette Gadenne",{"authors_id":344},{"id":345,"name":346},506,"Veronica Mkoji",{"authors_id":348},{"id":349,"name":350},507,"Dilhan Perera",{"authors_id":352},{"id":353,"name":354},508,"Ruth Persian",{"authors_id":356},{"id":357,"name":358},370,"Richard Sambaiga",{"authors_id":360},{"id":361,"name":362},509,"Tobias Stark",[364],{"countries_id":365},{"id":67,"name":68},[],[],[31,369],"Prevention Research and Innovation",[15],"2025-01-10T17:05:22.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:49.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Faddressing-bribery-and-associated-social-norms-healthcare-results-behaviour-change",{"id":375,"slug":376,"title":377,"status":6,"nid":378,"year":379,"body":380,"external":19,"topic":381,"language":15,"type":382,"date_published":384,"image":385,"citation":14,"publisher":17,"link_internal":386,"link_external":392,"authors":393,"countries":408,"tags":411,"pdf":418,"topics":419,"featured":19,"languages":420,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":421,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":422,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":27},2227,"TZ-giftgiving","Using behavioural insights to reduce gift giving in a Tanzanian public hospital: Findings from a mixed-methods evaluation",2251,2022,"This is the final technical report of the research project \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Face.globalintegrity.org\u002Fprojects\u002Ftanzhealth\u002F\">Addressing bribery in the Tanzanian health sector: A behavioural approach\u003C\u002Fa>.\n\nPrevious research has shown that social norms of gift-giving and reciprocity are linked to patterns of bribery in the Tanzanian health sector. Health facility staff that do not accept a gift or reciprocate a favour are often punished by means of gossip, criticism, and even social isolation, further enforcing the norms. On the other hand, gift-giving and bribery exacerbate inequality in access to healthcare, as patients who are able and willing to give gifts might receive preferential treatment at the expense of those who cannot afford them. At the extreme, gifts and other unofficial payments become a requirement for access to services, with life threatening consequences for the most vulnerable groups.\n\nIn this mixed-methods evaluation we aimed to understand the feasibility and potential impact of a multi-component behavioural intervention on rates of gift exchange between users and staff of a public regional referral hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The intervention aimed to shift users’ (i.e. patients and individuals accompanying them to the health facility) and health providers’ attitudes and perceived social norms around gift-giving, and to reduce actual exchange of gifts (i.e. the behaviour).\n\nThis research project was funded by the Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme (GI-ACE), funded with UK aid from the UK government. The project implementation was a collaboration between the Basel Institute on Governance, the UK Behavioural Insights Team, the University of Dar es Salam and the University of Utrecht.\n\nThe technical report is free to share under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence.",[21],[383],"Report","2022-09-08","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Fda338e5c-b31c-467a-bf3a-6af8e465fdec?width=600&height=840",[387,389],{"url":24,"caption":388}," See related Working Paper: Developing anti-corruption interventions addressing social norms: Lessons from a field pilot in Tanzania",{"url":390,"caption":391},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fadopting-peer-led-approach-disseminate-anti-corruption-messages-results-network-survey"," See related paper: Results of the network survey",[],[394,396,398,400,402,404,406],{"authors_id":395},{"id":112,"name":113},{"authors_id":397},{"id":341,"name":342},{"authors_id":399},{"id":345,"name":346},{"authors_id":401},{"id":349,"name":350},{"authors_id":403},{"id":353,"name":354},{"authors_id":405},{"id":357,"name":358},{"authors_id":407},{"id":361,"name":362},[409],{"countries_id":410},{"id":67,"name":68},[412,414],{"tags_id":413},{"id":153,"name":154},{"tags_id":415},{"id":416,"name":417},1381,"Health",[5],[31],[15],"2022-09-08T10:04:05.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:01.000Z",{"id":424,"slug":425,"title":426,"status":6,"nid":427,"year":379,"body":428,"external":19,"topic":429,"language":15,"type":430,"date_published":384,"image":431,"citation":14,"publisher":17,"link_internal":432,"link_external":436,"authors":437,"countries":440,"tags":443,"pdf":446,"topics":448,"featured":19,"languages":449,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":450,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":422,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":390},2228,"adopting-peer-led-approach-disseminate-anti-corruption-messages-results-network-survey","Adopting a peer-led approach to disseminate anti-corruption messages: Results of the network survey",2266,"This report relates to the research project \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Face.globalintegrity.org\u002Fprojects\u002Ftanzhealth\u002F\">Addressing bribery in the Tanzanian health sector: A behavioural approach\u003C\u002Fa>. As part of the project, a pilot behavioural intervention was implemented at a Tanzanian hospital that aimed to shift hospital users’ and health providers’ attitudes and perceived social norms around gift-giving. It also aimed to reduce actual exchanges of gifts.\n\nThe report complements the final technical report from the project, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002FTZ-giftgiving\">Using behavioural insights to reduce gift giving in a Tanzanian public hospital\u003C\u002Fa>, by providing details about the use of social network analysis (SNA) to assess how the information about the intervention was disseminated through the hospital. \n\nIt provides a breakdown of results, the questionnaire used in the surveys, and methodological notes for future studies.\n\nThe research project as a whole was funded by the Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme (GI-ACE), funded with UK aid from the UK government. The project implementation was a collaboration between the Basel Institute on Governance, the UK Behavioural Insights Team, the University of Dar es Salam and the University of Utrecht.\n\nThe technical report is free to share under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence.",[21],[383],"https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F1362ac97-afa2-498c-8376-88b4f37a6818?width=600&height=840",[433,435],{"url":27,"caption":434}," See related technical report: Using behavioural insights to reduce gift giving in a Tanzanian public hospital: Findings from a mixed-methods evaluation",{"url":24,"caption":388},[],[438],{"authors_id":439},{"id":361,"name":362},[441],{"countries_id":442},{"id":67,"name":68},[444],{"tags_id":445},{"id":145,"name":146},[447],2268,[31],[15],"2022-09-08T10:04:07.000Z",{"id":452,"slug":453,"title":454,"status":6,"nid":455,"year":379,"body":456,"external":19,"topic":457,"language":15,"type":458,"date_published":459,"image":460,"citation":14,"publisher":14,"link_internal":461,"link_external":464,"authors":465,"countries":480,"tags":483,"pdf":484,"topics":486,"featured":19,"languages":487,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":488,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":160,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":489},2326,"using-behavioural-insights-reduce-gift-giving-tanzanian-public-hospital-findings-mixed","Using behavioural insights to reduce gift-giving in a Tanzanian public hospital Findings from a mixed-methods evaluation",2556,"This report relates to the research project \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Face.globalintegrity.org\u002Fprojects\u002Ftanzhealth\u002F\">Addressing bribery in the Tanzanian health sector: A behavioural approach\u003C\u002Fa>. As part of the project, a pilot behavioural intervention was implemented at a Tanzanian hospital that aimed to shift hospital users’ and health providers’ attitudes and perceived social norms around gift-giving. It also aimed to reduce actual exchanges of gifts.\n\nThe research project as a whole was funded by the Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme (GI-ACE), funded with UK aid from the UK government. The project implementation was a collaboration between the Basel Institute on Governance, the UK Behavioural Insights Team, the University of Dar es Salam and the University of Utrecht.\n\nThe technical report is free to share under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence.",[21],[383],"2022-09-01","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F395e2051-88ee-4689-bc6a-7696a6891105?width=600&height=840",[462],{"url":24,"caption":463}," See related Working Paper",[],[466,468,470,472,474,476,478],{"authors_id":467},{"id":112,"name":113},{"authors_id":469},{"id":341,"name":342},{"authors_id":471},{"id":345,"name":346},{"authors_id":473},{"id":349,"name":350},{"authors_id":475},{"id":353,"name":354},{"authors_id":477},{"id":357,"name":358},{"authors_id":479},{"id":361,"name":362},[481],{"countries_id":482},{"id":67,"name":68},[],[485],2361,[31],[15],"2023-12-12T11:05:03.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fusing-behavioural-insights-reduce-gift-giving-tanzanian-public-hospital-findings-mixed",{"id":491,"slug":492,"title":493,"status":6,"nid":494,"year":379,"body":495,"external":19,"topic":496,"language":15,"type":497,"date_published":498,"image":499,"citation":14,"publisher":500,"link_internal":501,"link_external":511,"authors":515,"countries":524,"tags":529,"pdf":536,"topics":537,"featured":19,"languages":538,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":50,"date_created":539,"user_updated":51,"date_updated":540,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":541},2221,"informal-networks-investment-qualitative-analysis-uganda-and-tanzania","Informal networks as investment: A qualitative analysis from Uganda and Tanzania",2277,"Published in the peer-reviewed journal *Governance*, this paper interprets informal networks as investments made by citizens and business people to cope with the public sphere. Informal networks often orchestrate corruption, connecting public and private actors. The paper aims to understand their key characteristics, scopes, and functional roles.\n\nTen mini case studies from Tanzania and Uganda are studied. The research applies narrative analysis to explore the experiences of citizens, entrepreneurs, and low-level public officials, who built informal networks as a problem-solving mechanism. It uses a grounded theory approach. The findings serve as working hypotheses about variables and patterns emerging from the bottom-up analysis.\n\nThe paper outlines:\n\n\n- Whether there are distinct types of informal networks associated with particular types of corruption;\n- How, why and by whom these networks are built;\n- Whether different individuals play specific roles;\n- The unwritten expectations and norms that govern such networks.\n\n\nThe results highlight critical implications for anti-corruption practice, showing, for example, how this can be strengthened by shifting the intervention unit from individuals to networks.\n\n### About this article\n\nThis peer-reviewed article is based on extensive field research and analysis conducted by the Basel Institute's Public Governance team in Tanzania and Uganda. The research was funded by UK Aid under the Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence (GI-ACE) programme. See the links below for the open-access research outputs, including a full research report and two sets of case studies.",[21],[322],"2022-08-25","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F1771fed4-0a6d-4050-88ce-494e877fab4e?width=600&height=840","Governance (Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the IPSA Structure and Organization of Government Committee)",[502,505,508],{"url":503,"caption":504},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Finformal-networks-investment-east-africa"," View open access research report: Informal networks as investment in East Africa",{"url":506,"caption":507},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fcase-studies-tanzania-gi-ace-research-informal-networks-and-corruption"," View case studies from Tanzania",{"url":509,"caption":510},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fcase-studies-uganda-gi-ace-research-informal-networks-and-corruption"," View case studies from Uganda",[512],{"url":513,"caption":514},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fgove.12726","View peer-reviewed article on Wiley Online Library",[516,518,520],{"authors_id":517},{"id":112,"name":113},{"authors_id":519},{"id":181,"name":182},{"authors_id":521},{"id":522,"name":523},359,"Lucy Koechlin",[525,527],{"countries_id":526},{"id":67,"name":68},{"countries_id":528},{"id":186,"name":187},[530,532,534],{"tags_id":531},{"id":153,"name":154},{"tags_id":533},{"id":145,"name":146},{"tags_id":535},{"id":149,"name":150},[],[31],[15],"2022-09-06T14:10:21.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:59.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Finformal-networks-investment-qualitative-analysis-uganda-and-tanzania",1780676591177]