[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":545},["ShallowReactive",2],{"publication-cryptolaundering-anti-money-laundering-regulation-virtual-currency-exchanges":3,"related-cryptolaundering-anti-money-laundering-regulation-virtual-currency-exchanges":99},[4],{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"date_created":8,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":20,"link_internal":22,"link_external":23,"featured":19,"topics":27,"languages":28,"type":29,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"image":31,"countries":42,"tags":43,"pdf":81,"authors":82},1881,"published",null,"2022-04-27T11:54:34.000Z","2026-05-23T20:08:01.000Z",1013,"cryptolaundering-anti-money-laundering-regulation-virtual-currency-exchanges","Cryptolaundering: anti-money laundering regulation of virtual currency exchanges","This paper discusses anti- money laundering regulation for virtual currency intermediaries, by showcasing and comparing regulatory models at the national and international levels. \n\nIt is found that anti-money laundering regulation for virtual currencies — more than being merely “nice to have” — contains considerable potential in the fight against economic crime. Where financial intermediaries engaged in virtual currencies are required to gather the full spectrum of information needed to identify their customers and the source of funds, virtual currencies become much less attractive to money launderers than traditional fiat money systems. Furthermore, anti-money laundering regulation means that supervisory and investigatory authorities can identify and act against money launderers and other delinquents. \n\nThe author presented this paper at a conference at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa, in October 2018. It was published in the Journal of Anti-Corruption Law (Volume 3, Number 2: 2019, pp1-15). \n\nThe author would like to emphasise that the world of cryptocurrencies and money laundering regulation moves fast and many things may have changed since the paper was written.","","English",2019,"Journal of Anti-Corruption Law","2019-10-10",false,[21],"Anti-Money Laundering",[],[24],{"url":25,"caption":26},"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.jacl.org.za\u002Fcurrent-volume\u002F51-cryptolaundering-anti-money-laundering-regulation-of-virtual-currency-exchanges-pp-1-15.html","View PDF",[21],[15],[30],"Article",{"id":32,"storage":33,"filename_disk":34,"filename_download":35,"title":36,"type":37,"created_on":8,"modified_on":8,"charset":7,"filesize":38,"width":39,"height":40,"duration":7,"embed":7,"description":7,"location":7,"tags":7,"metadata":41,"focal_point_x":7,"focal_point_y":7,"tus_id":7,"tus_data":7,"uploaded_on":8},"4d2e220f-f2d8-41a2-a4c8-04ab1078d3bd","local","4d2e220f-f2d8-41a2-a4c8-04ab1078d3bd.jpg","Pages-from-MBIYAVANGA.jpg","Journal of Anti-Corruption Law first page","image\u002Fjpeg",319009,1654,2339,{},[],[44,65],{"id":45,"publications_id":46,"tags_id":62},3673,{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":8,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":32,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":49,"link_internal":50,"link_external":51,"featured":19,"topics":53,"languages":54,"type":55,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":56,"tags":57,"pdf":59,"authors":60},"03bebfd8-0b40-4a2a-820d-b9d9c13b9de6","3d9ff205-1640-4f34-b5b6-86977f51bbd6",[21],[],[52],{"url":25,"caption":26},[21],[15],[30],[],[45,58],4946,[],[61],2055,{"id":63,"name":64},818,"Anti-money laundering",{"id":58,"publications_id":66,"tags_id":78},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":8,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":32,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":67,"link_internal":68,"link_external":69,"featured":19,"topics":71,"languages":72,"type":73,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":74,"tags":75,"pdf":76,"authors":77},[21],[],[70],{"url":25,"caption":26},[21],[15],[30],[],[45,58],[],[61],{"id":79,"name":80},854,"Virtual assets",[],[83],{"id":61,"publications_id":84,"authors_id":96},{"id":5,"status":6,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":8,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":9,"nid":10,"slug":11,"image":32,"title":12,"body":13,"citation":14,"language":15,"year":16,"publisher":17,"date_published":18,"external":19,"topic":85,"link_internal":86,"link_external":87,"featured":19,"topics":89,"languages":90,"type":91,"area":7,"programme":7,"websites":7,"summary":7,"pdf_text":7,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"countries":92,"tags":93,"pdf":94,"authors":95},[21],[],[88],{"url":25,"caption":26},[21],[15],[30],[],[45,58],[],[61],{"id":97,"name":98,"position":7,"image":7},315,"Stefan Mbiyavanga",[100,144,248,285,313,359,395,422,470,508],{"id":101,"slug":102,"title":103,"status":6,"nid":104,"year":105,"body":106,"external":19,"topic":107,"language":15,"type":109,"date_published":111,"image":112,"citation":14,"publisher":113,"link_internal":114,"link_external":121,"authors":125,"countries":126,"tags":127,"pdf":136,"topics":138,"featured":19,"languages":140,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":141,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":142,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":143},1767,"combating-virtual-assets-based-money-laundering-and-crypto-enabled-crime","Combating virtual assets-based money laundering and crypto-enabled crime: Recommendations of the Tripartite Working Group on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies",2162,2022,"These seven Recommendations emerge from the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002F5CrC\">5th Global Conference on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies\u003C\u002Fa>, held virtually on 7-8 December 2021.\n\nThe annual conference is organised by the Working Group on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies, a tripartite initiative of the Basel Institute on Governance, INTERPOL and Europol that dates back to 2014 and was formally established in 2016.\n\nThe Recommendations are intended to guide law enforcement, judicial authorities, regulators and the private sector in broad approaches that are necessary to protect citizens and the global economy from the risks of abuse of cryptocurrencies and other virtual assets.\n\nThey cover:\n\n\n- International cooperation\n- Virtual asset recovery\n- Public-private cooperation\n- Harmonised regulation and its effective implementation\n- Investigative techniques and technologies\n- Capacity building\n- Multidisciplinary approach, including through specialised law enforcement units\n\n\n ",[21,108],"Asset Recovery",[110],"Report","2022-01-13","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F09f447ee-5e4c-4bb2-8cd2-cec0221ccfac?width=600&height=840","Basel Institute on Governance; INTERPOL; Europol",[115,118],{"url":116,"caption":117},"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002F5crc"," 5th Global Conference web page",{"url":119,"caption":120},"\u002Fresources\u002Fnews\u002Fthousands-gather-virtually-to-share-knowledge-of-virtual-assets-based-money-laundering-and-other-crypto-enabled-crimes-2145"," View press release",[122],{"url":123,"caption":124},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fplaylist?list=PLYRnhpCcnLP_4ZHA3Fg0xu2FY6QhQg8YT"," YouTube playlist - Conference day 1",[],[],[128,130,132],{"tags_id":129},{"id":63,"name":64},{"tags_id":131},{"id":79,"name":80},{"tags_id":133},{"id":134,"name":135},1374,"Law enforcement",[137],1789,[21,139],"Asset Recovery and Enforcement",[15],"2022-04-27T11:53:22.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:05.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fcombating-virtual-assets-based-money-laundering-and-crypto-enabled-crime",{"id":145,"slug":146,"title":147,"status":6,"nid":148,"year":105,"body":149,"external":19,"topic":150,"language":15,"type":151,"date_published":153,"image":154,"citation":14,"publisher":155,"link_internal":156,"link_external":169,"authors":170,"countries":179,"tags":236,"pdf":241,"topics":243,"featured":19,"languages":244,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":245,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":246,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":247},2192,"wp-38","Working Paper 38: Cryptocurrencies in Asia and beyond: law, regulation and enforcement",2215,"The crypto industry has exploded in recent years, and authorities in different countries have been reacting in very different ways. Some have banned cryptocurrencies, while others are embracing them to varying degrees. Some are working hard to align their anti-money laundering regulations with FATF standards, while others are turning a blind eye. A few countries have confiscated huge quantities of crypto assets linked to crime and money laundering. Others are at square one in terms of enforcement, risking becoming a hub for crypto crime and money laundering and posing a serious vulnerability in the world’s financial system.\n\nThis Working Paper draws on a detailed analysis of how selected countries are addressing legal, regulatory and enforcement issues around cryptocurrencies and other virtual assets. The analysis is focused on Asia, but set in the context of global trends in crypto law, regulation and enforcement. It explores critical questions that will shape policies around virtual assets at the corporate, national and international levels:\n\n\n- What is working in terms of crypto regulation and enforcement?\n- What are the implications of different policy choices on crypto assets – for the industry, for the countries themselves and for global financial integrity as a whole?\n- What would the crypto wave possibly bring next?\n\n\nThe Paper also highlights broader developments needed to bring light and clarity to laws, policies and practices around the crypto industry, such as collaboration between both market players and governments.\n\nJurisdictions touched upon in this Working Paper alphabetically include Bhutan, Central African Republic, El Salvador, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, the Philippines, the People’s Republic of China, Thailand, Ukraine and Vietnam.\n\nA list of key terms and abbreviations have been prepared in the Annex to this Working Paper for the readers’ easy reference.\n\n### About this Working Paper\n\nThis Working Paper is a collaboration between \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhonglun.com\u002FContent\u002F2016\u002F10-14\u002F1643525035.html\">Dorothy Siron\u003C\u002Fa>, Co-Managing Partner, Zhong Lun Law Firm LLP and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fabout\u002Fpeople\u002Ffederico-paesano\">Federico Paesano\u003C\u002Fa>, Senior Financial Investigation Specialist, Basel Institute on Governance.\n\nDorothy Siron provided the bulk of the analysis and discussion, while Federico Paesano provided a selection of case studies and was co-author of the seven recommendations contained in section 4. The collaboration was facilitated by the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.financialcrimelitigators.org\u002F\">International Academy of Financial Crime Litigators\u003C\u002Fa>, an independent, non-partisan global centre that shapes and advances financial crime litigation practices for the future.\n\nThe publication is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Working Paper Series, ISSN: 2624-9650. It is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa>).\n\n**Suggested citation:** Siron, Dorothy, and Federico Paesano. 2022. “Cryptocurrencies in Asia and beyond: law, regulation and enforcement.” Working Paper 38, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-38\">https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-38\u003C\u002Fa>\n\n**Disclaimer:** This Working Paper does not, and is not intended to, constitute and\u002For substitute legal or other professional advice. The content of this Working Paper is updated as of 4 May 2022 and is intended for general informational purposes only. No representations have been made as to its accuracy and completeness. You should seek independent legal or other professional advice before acting or relying on any of the information contained herein.",[108],[152],"Working Paper","2022-05-12","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F59ac2444-660e-4bca-97ed-9bf49f8d3b0f?width=600&height=840","Basel Institute on Governance; The Academy of Financial Crime Litigators",[157,160,163,166],{"url":158,"caption":159},"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002F2022-05\u002FCrypto-policy-snapshot-1_2.jpg"," Infographic: Crypto policy snapshot May 2022 1\u002F2",{"url":161,"caption":162},"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002F2022-05\u002FCrypto-policy-snapshot-2_2.jpg"," Infographic: Crypto policy snapshot May 2022 2\u002F2",{"url":164,"caption":165},"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002F2022-05\u002FDrivers-of-government-policy.jpg"," Infographic: Drivers of government policy on crypto regulation",{"url":167,"caption":168},"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002F2022-05\u002FTimeline-of-crypto-taxes.jpg"," Infographic: Timeline of crypto taxes, CBDCs and events",[],[171,175],{"authors_id":172},{"id":173,"name":174},499,"Dorothy Siron",{"authors_id":176},{"id":177,"name":178},309,"Federico Paesano",[180,184,188,192,196,200,204,208,212,216,220,224,228,232],{"countries_id":181},{"id":182,"name":183},31,"Bhutan",{"countries_id":185},{"id":186,"name":187},206,"El Salvador",{"countries_id":189},{"id":190,"name":191},46,"China",{"countries_id":193},{"id":194,"name":195},103,"India",{"countries_id":197},{"id":198,"name":199},99,"Indonesia",{"countries_id":201},{"id":202,"name":203},112,"Japan",{"countries_id":205},{"id":206,"name":207},123,"Kazakhstan",{"countries_id":209},{"id":210,"name":211},155,"Malaysia",{"countries_id":213},{"id":214,"name":215},143,"Myanmar [Burma]",{"countries_id":217},{"id":218,"name":219},188,"Russia",{"countries_id":221},{"id":222,"name":223},213,"Thailand",{"countries_id":225},{"id":226,"name":227},225,"Ukraine",{"countries_id":229},{"id":230,"name":231},236,"Vietnam",{"countries_id":233},{"id":234,"name":235},39,"Central African Republic",[237,239],{"tags_id":238},{"id":79,"name":80},{"tags_id":240},{"id":63,"name":64},[242],2230,[139],[15],"2022-05-26T22:33:56.000Z","2026-06-01T22:47:37.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-38",{"id":249,"slug":250,"title":251,"status":6,"nid":252,"year":253,"body":254,"external":19,"topic":255,"language":15,"type":256,"date_published":258,"image":259,"citation":14,"publisher":260,"link_internal":261,"link_external":262,"authors":263,"countries":268,"tags":269,"pdf":278,"topics":280,"featured":19,"languages":281,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":282,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":283,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":284},2378,"qg34","Quick Guide 34: Public-private partnerships for financial intelligence sharing",2724,2024,"Financial intelligence is the staple food of investigations into corruption, money laundering and other financial crimes.\n\nMuch financial intelligence is held by private-sector institutions such as banks and other financial service providers. How does that get into the hands of law enforcement, where it can trigger or inform investigations? And how can we improve the system?\n\nThis Quick Guide gives a brief introduction to public-private partnerships or platforms for financial intelligence sharing. It sets out how they work in practice, and how they can improve the sharing of targeted, useful information between law enforcement and financial institutions.\n\n### About this Quick Guide\n\nYou are free to share and republish this work under a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 Licence\u003C\u002Fa>. It is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Quick Guide series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type=2428\">ISSN 2673-5229\u003C\u002Fa>.",[21,108],[257],"Quick Guide","2024-11-25","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F01dea28f-22b8-47cd-bf86-ddee24683c2b?width=600&height=840","Basel Institute on Governance",[],[],[264],{"authors_id":265},{"id":266,"name":267},327,"Simon Marsh",[],[270,274,276],{"tags_id":271},{"id":272,"name":273},1193,"Financial investigations",{"tags_id":275},{"id":63,"name":64},{"tags_id":277},{"id":134,"name":135},[279],2416,[21,139],[15],"2024-12-05T14:06:47.000Z","2026-05-31T22:51:55.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fqg34",{"id":286,"slug":287,"title":288,"status":6,"nid":289,"year":253,"body":290,"external":19,"topic":291,"language":15,"type":292,"date_published":293,"image":294,"citation":14,"publisher":295,"link_internal":296,"link_external":300,"authors":301,"countries":302,"tags":303,"pdf":306,"topics":308,"featured":19,"languages":309,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":310,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":311,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":312},2349,"race-against-time-europol-basel-institute-governance-recommendations-preventing-and","A race against time: Europol – Basel Institute on Governance recommendations on preventing and combating the criminal use of cryptocurrencies",2619,"These recommendations follow the 7th Global Conference on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies on 26–27 October 2023. The conference was co-organised by Europol and the Basel Institute on Governance and took place in hybrid format at Europol’s headquarters in The Hague, Netherlands. \n\nThe five recommendations highlight the need for accelerated action in order to combat the use of crypto assets, as well the allocation of more resources, better training and better collaboration.\n\nThey are to: \n\n\n- Accelerate innovation for investigative and monitoring tools \n- Boost enforcement capacity and training\n- Reorganise to foster collaboration and prioritisation \n- Engage proactively in multi-sector collaborations  \n- Consider the whole chain, from prevention to facilitators \n",[21,108],[110],"2024-05-08","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F0de3625e-aacc-4db2-93f0-2e17d0a32c75?width=600&height=840","Europol and Basel Institute on Governance",[297],{"url":298,"caption":299},"\u002Fresources\u002Fnews\u002Fshaping-an-international-response-against-the-criminal-misuse-of-cryptocurrencies-2525"," View conference summary",[],[],[],[304],{"tags_id":305},{"id":79,"name":80},[307],2388,[21,139],[15],"2024-05-08T10:04:39.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:46.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Frace-against-time-europol-basel-institute-governance-recommendations-preventing-and",{"id":314,"slug":315,"title":316,"status":6,"nid":317,"year":318,"body":319,"external":19,"topic":320,"language":15,"type":321,"date_published":323,"image":324,"citation":14,"publisher":260,"link_internal":325,"link_external":329,"authors":333,"countries":338,"tags":339,"pdf":352,"topics":354,"featured":19,"languages":355,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":356,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":357,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":358},2295,"pb-12","Policy Brief 12: De-risking of Russian clients: best intentions, unintended consequences",2480,2023,"After the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the wide-reaching sanctions which ensued, many Western financial institutions began to de-risk Russian clients. Dealing with Russian clients, in many cases, has become expensive from a compliance point of view and toxic from the reputational side.\n\nHowever, the de-risking of unsanctioned Russian individuals may have a significant impact on the fight against financial crime by potentially causing:\n\n\n- an increase in the use of shadow\u002Funregulated channels of moving money;\n- a withdrawal of funds away from the European zone to sanctioned countries or non-cooperative jurisdictions;\n- severe burdens on the investigation of financial crimes (especially in relation to Russian assets and investments) and on international cooperation in criminal matters;\n- increased opportunities for enablers, such as unscrupulous lawyers and accountants, to take advantage of the situation.\n\n\nThis Policy Brief outlines the current situation and suggests how to better manage risk without having a negative impact on the fight against financial crime.\n\n### About this Policy Brief\n\nThis publication is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Policy Brief series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type[]=257\">ISSN 2624-9669\u003C\u002Fa> and relates to the Basel AML Index of money laundering risk.\n\nYou may freely share or republish it under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa>). Suggested citation: Boguslavska, Kateryna. 2023. ‘De-risking of Russian clients: best intentions, unintended consequences.’ Policy Brief 12, Basel Institute on Governance, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-12\">https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-12\u003C\u002Fa>.",[21,108],[322],"Policy Brief","2023-06-30","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F8013d7b0-82aa-46f8-bde7-a8790f71a59e?width=600&height=840",[326],{"url":327,"caption":328},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications?type=Policy%20Brief"," View all Policy Briefs",[330],{"url":331,"caption":332},"https:\u002F\u002Findex.baselgovernance.org\u002F"," Visit Basel AML Index website",[334],{"authors_id":335},{"id":336,"name":337},301,"Kateryna Boguslavska",[],[340,342,346,350],{"tags_id":341},{"id":63,"name":64},{"tags_id":343},{"id":344,"name":345},1236,"Compliance",{"tags_id":347},{"id":348,"name":349},1227,"Sanctions",{"tags_id":351},{"id":134,"name":135},[353],2333,[21,139],[15],"2023-06-30T08:38:07.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:08.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-12",{"id":360,"slug":361,"title":362,"status":6,"nid":363,"year":318,"body":364,"external":19,"topic":365,"language":15,"type":366,"date_published":367,"image":368,"citation":14,"publisher":260,"link_internal":369,"link_external":370,"authors":374,"countries":379,"tags":380,"pdf":387,"topics":390,"featured":19,"languages":391,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":392,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":393,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":394},2276,"quick-guide-29-money-laundering-and-sanctions-evasion-using-art-market","Quick Guide 29: Money laundering and sanctions evasion using the art market",2428,"The art market is often described as ‘niche’. In reality, it is a significant trade industry: sales of art and antiques by dealers and auction houses reached an estimated USD 65.1 billion in 2021. And like many industries of this size, it attracts people seeking to abuse it to launder proceeds of crime or evade sanctions.\n\nThis quick guide briefly explains the unique characteristics of the art market that make it vulnerable to this type of abuse. It also outlines steps that jurisdictions can take to prevent and combat abuse of the sector for illicit purposes.\n\n### About this Quick Guide\n\nThis work is licensed under a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License\u003C\u002Fa>. It is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Quick Guide series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type=2428\">ISSN 2673-5229\u003C\u002Fa>.",[21,108],[257],"2023-04-12","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F8029c862-8f97-4c17-8c3d-570ea42a1ba4?width=600&height=840",[],[371],{"url":372,"caption":373},"https:\u002F\u002Flearn.baselgovernance.org\u002Fcourse\u002Fview.php?id=176"," View on Basel LEARN",[375],{"authors_id":376},{"id":377,"name":378},306,"Andrew Dornbierer",[],[381,385],{"tags_id":382},{"id":383,"name":384},879,"Money laundering",{"tags_id":386},{"id":63,"name":64},[388,389],2312,2313,[21,139],[15],"2023-04-12T10:04:20.000Z","2026-05-31T22:52:11.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fquick-guide-29-money-laundering-and-sanctions-evasion-using-art-market",{"id":396,"slug":397,"title":398,"status":6,"nid":399,"year":105,"body":400,"external":19,"topic":401,"language":15,"type":402,"date_published":403,"image":404,"citation":14,"publisher":295,"link_internal":405,"link_external":409,"authors":410,"countries":411,"tags":412,"pdf":415,"topics":417,"featured":19,"languages":418,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":419,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":420,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":421},2249,"seizing-opportunity-5-recommendations-crypto-assets-related-crime-and-money-laundering","Seizing the opportunity: 5 recommendations for crypto assets-related crime and money laundering",2326,"These recommendations follow the 6th Global Conference on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies on 1–2 September 2022. The conference was hosted by Europol at its headquarters in The Hague, the Netherlands, together with the Basel Institute on Governance through the Joint Working Group on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies.\n\nThe Recommendations are intended to highlight broad approaches and best practices. They are designed to help public and private actors stay one step ahead of those seeking to abuse crypto assets (also known as virtual assets) and services to make, hide and launder illicit money.\n\nThe main message is that as the use of crypto assets expands into practically every country and sector, so does its abuse to commit new forms of crime and launder criminal proceeds. Yet with the right tools, capacity and cooperation, the unique characteristics of blockchain-based technologies offer an unprecedented opportunity to investigate organised crime and money laundering networks and to recover stolen funds.\n\nThe five recommendation cover:\n\n\n- Break down silos between “traditional” and “crypto”\n- Regulate broadly and make full use of existing laws \n- Take advantage of the blockchain to disrupt organised crime \n- Raise crypto literacy through capacity building and clear communication \n- Increase public-private cooperation\n",[21,108],[110],"2022-12-07","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002F97e91bb6-6e69-4ff8-add6-c295cc0f9037?width=600&height=840",[406],{"url":407,"caption":408},"\u002Fresources\u002Fnews\u002Fcryptocurrencies-key-to-tackling-organised-crime-europol-and-basel-institute-on-governance-2279"," 2022 conference press release",[],[],[],[413],{"tags_id":414},{"id":79,"name":80},[416],2292,[21,139],[15],"2022-12-07T11:04:15.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:03.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fseizing-opportunity-5-recommendations-crypto-assets-related-crime-and-money-laundering",{"id":423,"slug":424,"title":425,"status":6,"nid":426,"year":105,"body":427,"external":19,"topic":428,"language":15,"type":429,"date_published":430,"image":431,"citation":14,"publisher":260,"link_internal":432,"link_external":436,"authors":440,"countries":447,"tags":452,"pdf":463,"topics":465,"featured":19,"languages":466,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":467,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":468,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":469},2232,"wp-41","Working Paper 41: Targeting unexplained wealth in British Columbia",2288,"The final recommendation of the Commission of Inquiry into Money Laundering in British Columbia (‘the Commission’) urged the government to legislate an unexplained wealth order (‘UWO’) as part of a wider approach to counter the prevalence of money laundering and proceeds of crime in the province.\n\nThis document analyses the feasibility of this recommendation. It:\n\n\n- **briefly explains the concept of unexplained wealth** and how it can be targeted through legislative instruments;\n- **outlines the reasons** for which the Commissioner proposed a UWO for British Columbia;\n- **explains how a UK-style UWO works** and assess the probability that a mechanism of this kind would successfully recover unexplained wealth in British Columbia; \n- **addresses the constitutional issues** that may arise if a UK-style UWO was introduced, as outlined by former Supreme Court Justice, the Honourable Thomas A. Cromwell C.C., in his annexed opinion to the report;\n- **explains other legislative options** that target unexplained wealth (including those in Western Australia and Ireland) and assess their constitutional compatibility and potential effectiveness as compared to a UK-style UWO;\n- **explores the legal rights issues** that may arise if either a UK-style UWO or a traditional UWO was introduced; and\n- **outlines the legislative safeguards** that could be put in place to reduce the risk that any such mechanisms would negatively impact on established legal rights.\n\n\n### About and acknowledgements\n\nThis document has been prepared by experts working with the Basel Institute on Governance, an independent not-for-profit organisation dedicated to countering corruption and other financial crimes, and the Vancouver Anti-Corruption Institute, an organisation devoted to anti-corruption efforts and legislative change. The collaboration was facilitated by the International Academy of Financial Crime Litigators, an independent, non-partisan global centre that shapes and advances financial crime litigation practices for the future.\n\n### Open-access licence and citation\n\nThe publication is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Working Paper Series, ISSN: 2624-9650. It is licensed for sharing and republishing under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa>).\n\nSuggested citation: Dornbierer, Andrew, and Jeffrey Simser. 2022. “Targeting unexplained wealth in British Columbia: An analysis of Recommendation 101 of the Final Report of the Commission of Inquiry into Money Laundering in British Columbia.” Working Paper 41, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-41",[21,108],[152],"2022-10-03","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Fffb4289a-9a4b-434e-92bb-f85b8268c774?width=600&height=840",[433],{"url":434,"caption":435},"\u002Fresources\u002Fnews\u002Ftargeting-unexplained-wealth-in-british-columbia-and-beyond-new-analysis-2287"," See related blog: Targeting unexplained wealth in British Columbia and beyond – new analysis",[437],{"url":438,"caption":439},"https:\u002F\u002Fillicitenrichment.baselgovernance.org\u002F"," See Illicit Enrichment, an open-access book and database on laws to target unexplained wealth",[441,443],{"authors_id":442},{"id":377,"name":378},{"authors_id":444},{"id":445,"name":446},511,"Jeffrey Simser",[448],{"countries_id":449},{"id":450,"name":451},36,"Canada",[453,457,459],{"tags_id":454},{"id":455,"name":456},821,"Unexplained wealth",{"tags_id":458},{"id":63,"name":64},{"tags_id":460},{"id":461,"name":462},1215,"Illicit financial flows",[464],2274,[21,139],[15],"2022-10-03T16:04:07.000Z","2026-06-02T14:09:02.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fwp-41",{"id":471,"slug":472,"title":473,"status":6,"nid":474,"year":105,"body":475,"external":19,"topic":476,"language":15,"type":478,"date_published":479,"image":480,"citation":14,"publisher":260,"link_internal":481,"link_external":483,"authors":484,"countries":489,"tags":490,"pdf":501,"topics":503,"featured":19,"languages":504,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":505,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":506,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":507},2202,"pb-10","Policy Brief 10: Using anti-money laundering frameworks to fight illegal wildlife trade in Uganda",2238,"In February 2020, Uganda made a high-level political commitment to work with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and Eastern and Southern Africa Anti-Money Laundering Group (ESAAMLG) to strengthen the effectiveness of its anti-money laundering (AML) regime. Among other commitments, Uganda undertook to demonstrate that law enforcement agencies and judicial authorities apply the money laundering offence consistent with the identified risks. \n\nStudies show that Uganda has high risks for cross-border movement of illegally obtained wildlife and wildlife products, both as a source and transit country. In addition, Uganda and the East African region in general have made some massive seizures of illegal wildlife products, which points to organised criminal activity. Notably, no money laundering prosecutions have to date arisen out of illegal wildlife trade (IWT) as a predicate offence in Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania.\n\nThis short Policy Brief provides an outline of how the AML framework (intelligence, investigations and prosecutions) can be utilised to help combat IWT and the corruption that facilitates it. The insights are drawn from the Ugandan context, but can be applied with appropriate adjustments to other jurisdictions seeking to strengthen efforts to combat IWT and related corruption\u002Fmoney laundering.\n\n### About this Policy Brief\n\nThis publication is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Policy Brief series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type[]=257\">ISSN 2624-9669\u003C\u002Fa>, and supports the Basel Institute's \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fgreen-corruption\">Green Corruption programme\u003C\u002Fa>.\n\nIt is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa>). Suggested citation: Walugembe, Tom. 2022. “Using anti-money laundering frameworks to fight illegal wildlife trade.” Policy Brief 10, Basel Institute on Governance. Available at: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpb-10\">baselgovernance.org\u002Fpb-10\u003C\u002Fa>.\n\nThis Policy Brief was funded by UK Aid through the IWT Challenge Fund. The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the UK Government. This research is co-funded through a core donation to the Green Corruption programme from the Principality of Liechtenstein.",[21,108,477],"Green Corruption",[322],"2022-06-21","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Faf0b4619-3c02-4eeb-a367-8920b50482cc?width=600&height=840",[482],{"url":327,"caption":328},[],[485],{"authors_id":486},{"id":487,"name":488},311,"Tom Walugembe",[],[491,493,495,499],{"tags_id":492},{"id":63,"name":64},{"tags_id":494},{"id":272,"name":273},{"tags_id":496},{"id":497,"name":498},1303,"Environment",{"tags_id":500},{"id":134,"name":135},[502],2241,[21,139,477],[15],"2022-07-07T16:27:27.000Z","2026-06-02T14:08:59.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fpb-10",{"id":509,"slug":510,"title":511,"status":6,"nid":512,"year":105,"body":513,"external":19,"topic":514,"language":15,"type":515,"date_published":516,"image":517,"citation":14,"publisher":260,"link_internal":518,"link_external":522,"authors":525,"countries":528,"tags":529,"pdf":540,"topics":541,"featured":19,"languages":542,"summary":7,"programme":7,"area":7,"websites":7,"pdf_text":7,"sort":7,"user_created":47,"date_created":543,"user_updated":48,"date_updated":506,"main_points":7,"short_version":7,"subtitle":7,"link":544},2200,"quick-guide-26-national-money-laundering-and-terrorist-financing-risk-assessments","Quick Guide 26: National money laundering and terrorist financing risk assessments",2235,"This quick guide explains the role of national risk assessments in addressing money laundering and terrorist financing (ML\u002FTF) risks.\n\nIt explains how national risk assessments are conducted, challenges in terms of methodology and data availability, and how well countries are doing at performing them.\n\nNRAs are a critical element of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) standards on ML\u002FTF. They also provide data in special reports of the Basel AML Index.\n\n### About this Quick Guide\n\nThis work is licensed under a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License\u003C\u002Fa>. It is part of the Basel Institute on Governance Quick Guide series, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.baselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications?type=2428\">ISSN 2673-5229\u003C\u002Fa>.",[21,108],[257],"2022-06-16","https:\u002F\u002Fjam.baselgovernance.org\u002Fapi\u002Fassets\u002Ff9f605aa-1d2d-42eb-b4cd-b0a30afa87e4?width=600&height=840",[519],{"url":520,"caption":521},"\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications?type=Quick%20Guide"," View all Quick Guides",[523],{"url":524,"caption":373},"https:\u002F\u002Flearn.baselgovernance.org\u002Fcourse\u002Fview.php?id=133",[526],{"authors_id":527},{"id":336,"name":337},[],[530,532,536],{"tags_id":531},{"id":63,"name":64},{"tags_id":533},{"id":534,"name":535},859,"Corruption risks",{"tags_id":537},{"id":538,"name":539},867,"Financial crime",[474],[21,139],[15],"2022-06-16T13:29:18.000Z","\u002Fresources\u002Fpublications\u002Fquick-guide-26-national-money-laundering-and-terrorist-financing-risk-assessments",1780676553952]