[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1374},["ShallowReactive",2],{"country-malawi":3,"country-stories-malawi-1":7,"country-news-malawi-1":104,"country-publications-malawi-1":684},{"name":4,"ids":5},"Malawi",[6],153,{"items":8,"total":40},[9],{"id":10,"status":11,"sort":12,"title":13,"description":14,"slug":15,"highlights":16,"region":17,"area":19,"image":21,"content":36,"tags":91,"countries":92},11,"published",null,"Accountability in Malawi: local actors in the driving seat","How experience from the Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support project showed that stronger accountability grows from local leadership, trust and learning by doing.","maccs","- **Building stronger accountability networks:** Civil society groups, journalists and accountability actors are collaborating more closely, pooling evidence and building coalitions rather than competing for influence.\n- **Putting local partners in the lead:** Through the Accountability Working Group, partners identify priorities, shape interventions and adapt strategies to changing realities on the ground.\n- **Influencing national debate:** Civil society organisations supported through the programme pushed priority corruption issues onto the agenda of Malawi’s 2025 Presidential Debate.\n",[18],"Africa",[20],"Anti-corruption and prevention",{"id":22,"storage":23,"filename_disk":24,"filename_download":25,"title":26,"type":27,"created_on":28,"modified_on":29,"charset":12,"filesize":30,"width":31,"height":32,"duration":12,"embed":12,"description":33,"location":12,"tags":12,"metadata":34,"focal_point_x":12,"focal_point_y":12,"tus_id":12,"tus_data":12,"uploaded_on":35},"c98836fd-ec9c-48e9-af02-547cfbbff474","local","c98836fd-ec9c-48e9-af02-547cfbbff474.jpg","19 Malawi - governance behaviour change.jpg","19 Malawi   Governance Behaviour Change","image\u002Fjpeg","2026-05-25T18:19:14.000Z","2026-05-29T21:41:22.000Z",154777,1600,1200,"At a workshop of the Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support project.",{},"2026-05-25T18:19:16.000Z",[37,55,67,79],{"id":38,"collection":39,"sort":40,"stories_id":41,"item":51},44,"text",1,{"id":10,"status":11,"sort":12,"title":13,"image":22,"description":14,"slug":15,"highlights":16,"region":42,"area":43,"content":44,"tags":48,"countries":49},[18],[20],[38,45,46,47],45,46,47,[],[50],12,{"id":52,"text":53,"class":12,"title":54,"anchor":12},82,"Many anti-corruption and accountability programmes assume that training, funding and technical tools will be enough to strengthen civil society and drive reform.\n\nYet in many countries – including Malawi, where the programme was implemented – corruption is deeply embedded in political systems and social norms. Citizens and organisations working to strengthen accountability face limited resources, shifting political realities and shrinking civic space. Technical solutions alone are rarely enough to sustain change.","The situation",{"id":45,"collection":39,"sort":56,"stories_id":57,"item":63},2,{"id":10,"status":11,"sort":12,"title":13,"image":22,"description":14,"slug":15,"highlights":16,"region":58,"area":59,"content":60,"tags":61,"countries":62},[18],[20],[38,45,46,47],[],[50],{"id":64,"text":65,"class":12,"title":66,"anchor":12},83,"Through the Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support (MACCSS) project, implemented jointly with Adam Smith International, the Basel Institute worked with civil society, media and private-sector partners to strengthen accountability and anti-corruption efforts.\n\nThe programme moved away from predefined solutions towards a more adaptive approach centred on local ownership and learning by doing.\n\nAt its core was an Accountability Working Group that created space for peer learning, relationship building and experimentation. Partners analysed power dynamics, tested new approaches and refined strategies as contexts changed.\n\nWe also supported partners to design interventions targeting the behaviours and social norms that sustain corruption. With the Malawi Health Equity Network, for example, this included work to tackle bribery in health facilities by understanding and shifting intentions and beliefs.","What we did",{"id":46,"collection":39,"sort":68,"stories_id":69,"item":75},3,{"id":10,"status":11,"sort":12,"title":13,"image":22,"description":14,"slug":15,"highlights":16,"region":70,"area":71,"content":72,"tags":73,"countries":74},[18],[20],[38,45,46,47],[],[50],{"id":76,"text":77,"class":12,"title":78,"anchor":12},84,"The changes emerging through MACCSS are practical as well as institutional.\n\nCivil society organisations are collaborating more closely across sectors and geographies. Journalists and activists are pooling evidence. Civil servants are engaging more constructively on transparency and accountability issues. \n\nThe programme also helped strengthen the collective voice of accountability actors. Through the Accountability Working Group, partners pushed corruption priorities onto the agenda of Malawi’s 2025 Presidential Debate.","The impact",{"id":47,"collection":39,"sort":80,"stories_id":81,"item":87},4,{"id":10,"status":11,"sort":12,"title":13,"image":22,"description":14,"slug":15,"highlights":16,"region":82,"area":83,"content":84,"tags":85,"countries":86},[18],[20],[38,45,46,47],[],[50],{"id":88,"text":89,"class":12,"title":90,"anchor":12},85,"The Malawi experience is helping shape broader thinking on how accountability programmes can become more effective and locally owned.\n\nIn a joint [publication](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fpolitical-economy-weeds-embracing-complexity-anti-corruption-work-lessons-learned-anti) with Adam Smith International, the Basel Institute programme lead drew lessons from MACCSS to show why anti-corruption efforts need more than technical fixes alone. Lasting progress depends on trust, adaptive approaches and local stakeholders driving priorities and solutions.\n\nThe long-term goal extends beyond individual projects: building capable, connected networks that can sustain accountability efforts even with decreasing external support.","Wider context",[],[93],{"id":50,"stories_id":94,"countries_id":100},{"id":10,"status":11,"sort":12,"title":13,"image":22,"description":14,"slug":15,"highlights":16,"region":95,"area":96,"content":97,"tags":98,"countries":99},[18],[20],[38,45,46,47],[],[50],{"id":6,"name":4,"code":101,"latitude":102,"longitude":103},"MW",-13.25431,34.30152,{"items":105,"total":683},[106,201,308,354,640],{"id":107,"status":11,"date_created":108,"date_updated":109,"title":110,"type":111,"body":112,"date":113,"topic":114,"slug":116,"activity":117,"nid":119,"topics":120,"activities":121,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"language":122,"image":123,"translation_of":12,"countries":132,"tags":151,"authors":197,"images":198,"translations":199,"content":200},10614,"2026-06-04T21:13:43.000Z","2026-06-04T21:13:44.000Z","Advancing Malawi’s efforts against corruption and environmental crime","News","Malawi’s forests and wildlife are under growing pressure from illegal exploitation, driven by rising demand for natural resources and enabled by corruption and illicit financial flows. From illegal logging to wildlife trafficking, environmental crimes not only threaten biodiversity and local livelihoods, but also weaken public institutions and deprive the country of vital resources for sustainable development.\n\n> Charcoal illustrates the complex challenges involved: According to Malawi’s National Charcoal Strategy 2017–2027, 97% of households rely on illegally and unsustainably sourced charcoal and firewood for cooking and heating. In response to the resulting deforestation and forest degradation, the government has tightened enforcement against illegal wood harvesting and charcoal production while promoting alternative cooking fuels.\n\nBuilding on several years of collaboration with government partners in Malawi, the Basel Institute on Governance is launching a new project to strengthen the country’s response to environment-related financial crime and corruption.\n\nThe three-year initiative, _Mainstreaming Malawi’s progress in tackling environment-related financial crime and corruption_, is funded by the UK Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and implemented through the Basel Institute’s Green Corruption programme.\n\nActivities have commenced on the ground and will run through to June 2028.\n\n### A joined-up approach: enforcement and prevention\n\nThe project supports Malawi’s Department of National Parks and Wildlife, Department of Forestry and Anti-Corruption Bureau in strengthening both enforcement capacities and corruption prevention systems linked to wildlife and forestry crimes.\n\nRather than focusing solely on individual criminal cases, the initiative takes a broader institutional approach. It combines financial investigation techniques and case-based mentoring with efforts focusing on prevention to strengthen internal controls, improve inter-agency coordination and reduce corruption vulnerabilities within environmental agencies themselves.\n\nAmong the planned activities are:\n\n*   mentoring investigators and prosecutors working on corruption and money laundering cases linked to wildlife and forestry crime;\n*   supporting the development of digital case registration and tracking systems to strengthen case management from investigation to prosecution;\n*   helping Institutional Integrity Committees and internal auditors identify and mitigate corruption risks; and\n*   developing training, practical guidance and knowledge products to support long-term institutional capacity.\n\nDr Amanda Cabrejo le Roux, Deputy Director of Green Corruption and the project lead, said:\n\n> _“This project represents a significant step forward in our efforts to support environmental agencies in protecting Malawi’s wildlife and natural resources, while also reinforcing institutional integrity. By combining financial investigation techniques with robust prevention systems, we help our government partners create a sustainable framework for countering financial crime linked to the environment.”_\n\n### Building on proven partnerships\n\nThe project expands on [earlier DEFRA-funded work](https:\u002F\u002Fiwt.challengefund.org.uk\u002Fproject\u002FXXIWT117) implemented jointly by the Basel Institute and the Lilongwe Wildlife Trust, which helped strengthen anti-corruption responses to wildlife crime through a combination of enforcement support and corruption prevention measures.\n\nThrough this and over a decade of engagement in Malawi, we enjoy strong working relationships with Malawi’s Anti-Corruption Bureau, Department of National Parks and Wildlife, Department of Forestry and Malawi Police Service – partnerships that now provide the foundation for broader and more ambitious work on environment-related financial crime.\n\nThe initiative also connects to the Basel Institute’s wider Green Corruption programme, which supports governments and partners around the world in addressing corruption linked to environmental crime, climate change and the global energy transition.\n\nAs global demand for timber, minerals and other natural resources increases, corruption risks linked to environmental exploitation are becoming more complex and transnational. Through our work in Malawi and beyond, the Basel Institute aims to strengthen the governance systems needed to protect natural resources, safeguard communities and ensure environmental policies can be effectively enforced.\n\n### Learn more\n\n*   Find out about the [Green Corruption programme](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fgreen-corruption).\n*   Interested in corruption and governance in the environmental space? Join the [Countering Environmental Corruption Practitioners Forum](https:\u002F\u002Fenvironmental-corruption.org\u002F), a global community of practitioners jointly led by the Basel Institute on Governance, Transparency International, WWF and TRAFFIC.","2026-05-26",[115],"Green Corruption","advancing-malawis-efforts-against-corruption-and-environmental-crime-2974",[118],"Partnerships",2974,[115],[118],"English",{"id":124,"storage":23,"filename_disk":125,"filename_download":126,"title":110,"type":127,"created_on":108,"modified_on":108,"charset":12,"filesize":128,"width":129,"height":130,"duration":12,"embed":12,"description":12,"location":12,"tags":12,"metadata":131,"focal_point_x":12,"focal_point_y":12,"tus_id":12,"tus_data":12,"uploaded_on":108},"40863cc9-1058-40d7-a0e5-404a96dc9ae9","40863cc9-1058-40d7-a0e5-404a96dc9ae9.webp","tmp.webp","image\u002Fwebp",75242,800,533,{},[133],{"id":134,"news_id":135,"countries_id":150},7813,{"id":107,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":108,"user_updated":136,"date_updated":109,"title":110,"type":111,"body":112,"image":124,"date":113,"topic":137,"slug":116,"activity":138,"nid":119,"topics":139,"activities":140,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":141,"tags":142,"authors":146,"images":147,"translations":148,"content":149},"03bebfd8-0b40-4a2a-820d-b9d9c13b9de6",[115],[118],[115],[118],[134],[143,144,145],6000,6001,6002,[],[],[],[],{"id":6,"name":4,"code":101,"latitude":102,"longitude":103},[152,167,182],{"id":143,"news_id":153,"tags_id":164},{"id":107,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":108,"user_updated":136,"date_updated":109,"title":110,"type":111,"body":112,"image":124,"date":113,"topic":154,"slug":116,"activity":155,"nid":119,"topics":156,"activities":157,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":158,"tags":159,"authors":160,"images":161,"translations":162,"content":163},[115],[118],[115],[118],[134],[143,144,145],[],[],[],[],{"id":165,"name":166},1303,"Environment",{"id":144,"news_id":168,"tags_id":179},{"id":107,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":108,"user_updated":136,"date_updated":109,"title":110,"type":111,"body":112,"image":124,"date":113,"topic":169,"slug":116,"activity":170,"nid":119,"topics":171,"activities":172,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":173,"tags":174,"authors":175,"images":176,"translations":177,"content":178},[115],[118],[115],[118],[134],[143,144,145],[],[],[],[],{"id":180,"name":181},1373,"Corruption prevention",{"id":145,"news_id":183,"tags_id":194},{"id":107,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":108,"user_updated":136,"date_updated":109,"title":110,"type":111,"body":112,"image":124,"date":113,"topic":184,"slug":116,"activity":185,"nid":119,"topics":186,"activities":187,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":188,"tags":189,"authors":190,"images":191,"translations":192,"content":193},[115],[118],[115],[118],[134],[143,144,145],[],[],[],[],{"id":195,"name":196},1374,"Law enforcement",[],[],[],[],{"id":202,"status":11,"date_created":203,"date_updated":204,"title":205,"type":206,"body":207,"date":208,"topic":209,"slug":211,"activity":212,"nid":214,"topics":215,"activities":217,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"language":122,"image":218,"translation_of":12,"countries":223,"tags":243,"authors":289,"images":305,"translations":306,"content":307},10568,"2025-08-21T23:48:01.000Z","2026-05-29T22:22:37.000Z","More than Gantt charts: fighting financial crime as a Programme Manager","Blog","_Misozi Samuti Chimbe, Programme Manager for Southern and East Africa at the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR), reflects on how her passion for public service has led her to pursue the bigger mission of protecting public resources, and how her work has become a deeply personal endeavour. This article is part of a series on careers in fighting financial crime and opportunities to learn and study with the Basel Institute._\n\n> Financial crime has real, tangible effects on our everyday lives. And those of us with strong management skills can play a role in countering it.\n\nLike many young people, I had various ideas about what a fulfilling and impactful career could look like. My original goal was to follow in my father’s footsteps and become a biomedical practitioner. However, life and my faith have led me to believe that God had other plans. I ended up studying and excelling in accounting, a path that would later open unexpected and rewarding opportunities.\n\n### An accountant with a passion for public service\n\nI began my professional journey as an intern at the Malawi Revenue Authority. From there, I moved on to TotalEnergies, gaining valuable private-sector experience as an accountant.\n\nAlthough a career in the private sector looked promising, my passion for public service continued to grow. This led me to join a Canadian non-profit organisation working to build healthy communities in Africa. Eventually, I transitioned into financial administration when I joined the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) in 2018 in support of the UK-funded Tackling Serious and Organised Corruption (TSOC) programme in Malawi.\n\nIt was through this transition that I discovered the world of countering financial crime and asset recovery. I became Programme Manager for Malawi not long after joining the Institute. As the Basel Institute strengthened its regional hubs and its interactions between different teams and programmes, my role later expanded to that of Programme Manager for Southern and East Africa as a whole.\n\nCombining my background in financial management and compliance with programme management allowed me to connect technical skills to the bigger mission of protecting public resources. This journey has not only shaped my career but also given me a strong sense of direction and purpose.\n\n### Having impact is fulfilling\n\nFinancial crime can seem abstract and distant, but through my work, I have realised it has profound consequences and is deeply personal. It is not merely about money lost in complex systems. It is about hospitals that never get built, children who are denied quality education and communities that are robbed of opportunities to thrive. And I can do something about it.\n\nAs a programme manager, I am naturally drawn to problem solving and to identifying unlikely connections between the work I do and the people I work with to create positive change. Working in countering financial crime takes this to another level. It means that my work contributes to safeguarding critical resources and making sure they benefit society, rather than being siphoned away through corruption and other forms of abuse.\n\nThere’s never a dull moment in managing financial crime programmes – from balancing risks and designing activities that are feasible, sustainable and grounded in local context, to tailoring solutions to ensure partner buy-in and ownership for long-term impact.\n\n### It’s the people\n\nAnother aspect that truly fulfils me is the human side of this work. I have had the privilege of engaging in conversations that stretch from high-level policy rooms and international forums to discussions with young people, women in rural markets and public servants. Each interaction has reinforced for me how financial crime silently steals from our collective future and why our efforts truly matter.\n\nThrough my work, I have come to appreciate the immense efforts of women and men in our law enforcement agencies, civil society and the media who work tirelessly to secure the future of our generation and those to come, often against great odds. Before my exposure to this field, I would not have recognised these efforts. Understanding financial crime and how it affects each and every citizen remains a work in progress in many regions and jurisdictions, including my country Malawi.\n\n### A global community driven by a shared goal\n\nWorking with diverse teams of experts from my country, the region and around the world – all driven by the same goal of fighting financial crime – has been one of the greatest sources of motivation and pride in my career. I have seen a South African expert advising on a European financial crime case, just as I have witnessed a Kenyan colleague leave his home to share his knowledge and experience in another country within our region.\n\nTo me, this is the best demonstration of _ubuntu_ – a deep sense of oneness and shared humanity that transcends all differences. It reminds me that this work is not only about protecting resources but also about standing together to safeguard our collective future.\n\nBeing part of these collective efforts gives me a purpose beyond a paycheque. Every policy we review, every illicit asset we help recover and every case we support is a step towards restoring hope and opportunities for future generations. It is not just about Gantt charts and compliance, it is so much more!\n\n### A formal foundation and learning from the best\n\nWhile I began with a formal foundation in accounting, continuous learning has been critical in helping me evolve and remain effective. My accounting background has enabled me to handle tasks such as leading donor audits and ensuring compliance. But it is the on-the-job training and exposure to experts in financial investigation, asset recovery and policy that have truly shaped my professional growth.\n\nI have been fortunate to learn from some of the best practitioners in the field through the Basel Institute. Beyond technical knowledge, these mentors have taught me to see the bigger picture and understand where I can add value.\n\nI have also deliberately taken advantage of all ICAR-delivered training opportunities, both in-country and online. Today, I can analyse policy, discuss FATF ratings and justify best practices for case support – skills that have made me a valuable member of my team.\n\n### Relationships built on trust and a common vision\n\nEqually important has been the power of networking and relationship building. Connecting with peers across government, civil society and international partners has shown me that success does not rely on technical expertise alone. Trust, collaboration and a shared vision are critical to achieving meaningful change. These relationships have been some of my greatest teachers, helping me grow not just as a professional but also as a person dedicated to service.\n\nIn the end, working in financial crime has given me far more than I ever expected: a chance to contribute to national and global change, to protect future generations and to find deep fulfilment in a career that is about much more than numbers and compliance.\n\n### Learn more\n\n*   [Basel LEARN](https:\u002F\u002Flearn.baselgovernance.org\u002F) – our online training and learning hub with free eLearning courses and lots more\n*   [Basel STUDY](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fstudy) – our new postgraduate programmes on anti-corruption and asset recovery with the University of Basel","2025-07-23",[210],"Asset Recovery","more-than-gantt-charts-fighting-financial-crime-as-a-programme-manager-2835",[213],"Insights",2835,[216],"Asset Recovery and Enforcement",[213],{"id":219,"storage":23,"filename_disk":220,"filename_download":126,"title":205,"type":127,"created_on":203,"modified_on":203,"charset":12,"filesize":221,"width":129,"height":130,"duration":12,"embed":12,"description":12,"location":12,"tags":12,"metadata":222,"focal_point_x":12,"focal_point_y":12,"tus_id":12,"tus_data":12,"uploaded_on":203},"1d00915d-4ab3-469d-9b84-78727fdafb78","1d00915d-4ab3-469d-9b84-78727fdafb78.webp",24436,{},[224],{"id":225,"news_id":226,"countries_id":242},7792,{"id":202,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":203,"user_updated":227,"date_updated":204,"title":205,"type":206,"body":207,"image":219,"date":208,"topic":228,"slug":211,"activity":229,"nid":214,"topics":230,"activities":231,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":232,"tags":233,"authors":237,"images":239,"translations":240,"content":241},"3d9ff205-1640-4f34-b5b6-86977f51bbd6",[210],[213],[216],[213],[225],[234,235,236],5557,5558,5640,[238],1350,[],[],[],{"id":6,"name":4,"code":101,"latitude":102,"longitude":103},[244,259,274],{"id":234,"news_id":245,"tags_id":256},{"id":202,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":203,"user_updated":227,"date_updated":204,"title":205,"type":206,"body":207,"image":219,"date":208,"topic":246,"slug":211,"activity":247,"nid":214,"topics":248,"activities":249,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":250,"tags":251,"authors":252,"images":253,"translations":254,"content":255},[210],[213],[216],[213],[225],[234,235,236],[238],[],[],[],{"id":257,"name":258},982,"Anti-corruption",{"id":235,"news_id":260,"tags_id":271},{"id":202,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":203,"user_updated":227,"date_updated":204,"title":205,"type":206,"body":207,"image":219,"date":208,"topic":261,"slug":211,"activity":262,"nid":214,"topics":263,"activities":264,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":265,"tags":266,"authors":267,"images":268,"translations":269,"content":270},[210],[213],[216],[213],[225],[234,235,236],[238],[],[],[],{"id":272,"name":273},867,"Financial crime",{"id":236,"news_id":275,"tags_id":286},{"id":202,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":203,"user_updated":227,"date_updated":204,"title":205,"type":206,"body":207,"image":219,"date":208,"topic":276,"slug":211,"activity":277,"nid":214,"topics":278,"activities":279,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":280,"tags":281,"authors":282,"images":283,"translations":284,"content":285},[210],[213],[216],[213],[225],[234,235,236],[238],[],[],[],{"id":287,"name":288},1300,"Education",[290],{"id":238,"news_id":291,"authors_id":302},{"id":202,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":203,"user_updated":227,"date_updated":204,"title":205,"type":206,"body":207,"image":219,"date":208,"topic":292,"slug":211,"activity":293,"nid":214,"topics":294,"activities":295,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":12,"translation_of":12,"language":122,"countries":296,"tags":297,"authors":298,"images":299,"translations":300,"content":301},[210],[213],[216],[213],[225],[234,235,236],[238],[],[],[],{"id":303,"name":304,"position":12,"image":12},566,"Misozi Samuti",[],[],[],{"id":309,"status":11,"date_created":310,"date_updated":311,"title":312,"type":111,"body":313,"date":314,"topic":315,"slug":316,"activity":317,"nid":319,"topics":320,"activities":321,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":322,"language":12,"image":324,"translation_of":12,"countries":333,"tags":349,"authors":350,"images":351,"translations":352,"content":353},10520,"2024-12-12T17:01:47.000Z","2026-05-29T22:22:34.000Z","Malawi recovers Cashgate property using non-conviction based forfeiture","Congratulations to our partners at the Anti-Corruption Bureau and the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions in Malawi for achieving the final forfeiture of a house linked to the infamous Cashgate corruption scandal.\n\nA decision by the Supreme Court to reject an appeal against the forfeiture order sends an important message about ending impunity for high-profile corruption.\n\nIt is also an important marker of the tenacity and determination of our partners at the Malawi Anti-Corruption Bureau and other agencies to use all available legislation to pursue corrupt individuals and recover assets for the benefit of the Malawian people.\n\n### The case\n\nThe house – valued at MK 690 million or just under USD 400,000 – had been put up as security for bail by former Ministry of Finance budget director Paul Mphwiyo after he was charged with money laundering and theft in relation to [Cashgate](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fworld-africa-25912652). Mphwiyo’s shooting in 2013 marked the outbreak of the scandal, which involved the alleged embezzlement of around USD 25 million dollars from the public treasury.\n\nIn addition to the house, Mphwiyo also paid MK 10 million in cash as part of the bail agreement and surrendered his travel documents.\n\nAfter Mphwiyo absconded to evade justice, the state made an application to have both cash and the house forfeited. The High Court’s ruling to forfeit the house was however appealed by Mphwiyo’s wife and a legal battle ensued.\n\nOn 6 December 2024, Malawi’s Supreme Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal against the forfeiture order, ruling that the High Court’s decision to forfeit the property was lawful. The property now belongs to the Malawian State. \n\nThe Supreme Court’s decision makes for strong jurisprudence, as it was taken by the Chief Justice and a full court of eight other judges. We expect this to translate into greater use of non-conviction-based forfeiture provisions in future corruption and asset recovery cases.\n\n### The value of non-conviction based forfeiture\n\nIn terms of asset recovery law, policy and practice, three important lessons can be drawn from this case.\n\nFirst, this case demonstrates the value of non-conviction based forfeiture in achieving the recovery of assets linked to corruption or other crimes, even when a criminal prosecution cannot be achieved.\n\nThe forfeiture was achieved using non-conviction based forfeiture provisions in Malawi’s Penal Code.\n\nExpert advisors from the Basel Institute’s International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) have been working with officers from the Anti-Corruption Bureau and public prosecutors to consider non-conviction-based forfeiture provisions in both the Penal Code and the 2017 Financial Crimes Act in relevant cases.\n\nThe first successful use of non-conviction based forfeiture under the Financial Crimes Act by the Financial Intelligence Authority was in 2020 in relation to [funds stolen from the Reserve Bank of Malawi](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fnews\u002Fmalawi-achieves-first-non-conviction-based-forfeiture-order-and-takes-step-forward-tackling).\n\n### Inter-agency cooperation through a dedicated taskforce\n\nA second success factor was efficient inter-agency cooperation between the Anti-Corruption Bureau, Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions and other agencies.\n\nMalawi set up a dedicated asset recovery taskforce in 2014 under the leadership of the Director of Public Prosecutions. The taskforce was mandated to investigate and prosecute Cashgate cases and to recover stolen assets. It has achieved this through a variety of means, ranging from criminal prosecutions to negotiated settlements.\n\nICAR promotes the development of such [multi-agency taskforces](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fqg33) to improve the efficiency of investigations and boost asset recovery. It also promotes effective inter-agency cooperation through multi-agency training programmes, such as one conducted in [November 2024](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fposts\u002Fbasel-institute_asset-forfeiture-weakens-criminal-enterprises-activity-7267155443804737536-8hm5?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop) for practitioners from the ACB, Financial Intelligence Authority, Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions and Judiciary.\n\n### Raising issues of gender and asset recovery\n\nThe case is also interesting in the context of debates about the gender-related impact of asset recovery. In this case, though the property belonged to Paul Mphwiyo, it was his wife who appealed as she and her children were living in the property.\n\nThe Court’s decision disregarded any interest that the wife had in the property and took the view that only the legal owner, Mphwiyo, could challenge the forfeiture order.\n\nConsideration of the rights of women over assets that are legally owned solely by their husbands – as is still the case in many countries – is an issue in which jurisprudence is still to be developed.\n\n### What next?\n\nThe Anti-Corruption Bureau has indicated that the property may be used to house its offices, eliminating rental costs for the current premises and thus directly saving taxpayer funds.\n\nWe look forward to continuing our support to the Government of Malawi in its efforts to prosecute and prevent corruption and to recover stolen assets for the benefit of the Malawian people. Our International Centre for Asset Recovery and other teams have been working in Malawi since 2015 under the Tackling Serious and Organised Corruption (TSOC) programme of the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.","2024-12-12",[210],"malawi-recovers-cashgate-property-using-non-conviction-based-forfeiture-2734",[318],"",2734,[216],[],[323],"Main page",{"id":325,"storage":23,"filename_disk":326,"filename_download":327,"title":312,"type":127,"created_on":328,"modified_on":329,"charset":12,"filesize":330,"width":31,"height":331,"duration":12,"embed":12,"description":12,"location":12,"tags":12,"metadata":332,"focal_point_x":12,"focal_point_y":12,"tus_id":12,"tus_data":12,"uploaded_on":329},"ce090e25-cf12-4772-b8bd-c1c4b39de0b3","ce090e25-cf12-4772-b8bd-c1c4b39de0b3.webp","Mphwiyo house.webp","2025-05-12T21:09:59.000Z","2026-05-06T07:35:33.000Z",180438,1067,{},[334],{"id":335,"news_id":336,"countries_id":348},7075,{"id":309,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":310,"user_updated":227,"date_updated":311,"title":312,"type":111,"body":313,"image":325,"date":314,"topic":337,"slug":316,"activity":338,"nid":319,"topics":339,"activities":340,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":341,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":342,"tags":343,"authors":344,"images":345,"translations":346,"content":347},[210],[318],[216],[],[323],[335],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6,"name":4,"code":101,"latitude":102,"longitude":103},[],[],[],[],[],{"id":355,"status":11,"date_created":356,"date_updated":357,"title":358,"type":206,"body":359,"date":360,"topic":361,"slug":364,"activity":365,"nid":367,"topics":368,"activities":369,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":370,"language":12,"image":371,"translation_of":12,"countries":380,"tags":618,"authors":619,"images":637,"translations":638,"content":639},10403,"2023-11-14T11:01:29.000Z","2025-08-31T23:14:40.000Z","Southern Africa’s fight against corruption needs Collective Action","A [high-level meeting](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.observer24.com.na\u002Fsadc-anti-corruption-workshop-kick-starts-in-swakopmund\u002F) of heads of anti-corruption agencies in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) last month was a chance to take stock of member countries’ efforts to tackle corruption.\n\nThe meeting allowed for a reflection on many ongoing activities and discussions around Collective Action in the region this year. It was the perfect opportunity to reflect on how to galvanise joint efforts against the region’s biggest scourge.\n\nSpeaking to delegates, Scarlet Wannenwetsch, Collective Action Specialist, highlighted the underused capacity of the private sector. Businesses are full of dynamism and talent, both of which are critical in fighting corruption and (other) transnational crimes.\n\nTo harness the private sector’s potential, she emphasised the importance of building trust by fostering regional multi-stakeholder networks. Bringing together anti-corruption champions from the public sector, private sector and civil society helps to create [“good” networks](https:\u002F\u002Fcollective-action.com\u002Fexplore\u002Fpublications\u002F1773) – ones powerful enough to fight the corrupt networks that are holding back development in the region.\n\n### Appetite for engagement\n\nThe Basel Institute has been a long-standing partner of the SADC Secretariat through the work of the Private Sector team. Our team has been impressed by the level of innovation in the region. Some feature in a [publication capturing good practices](https:\u002F\u002Fcollective-action.com\u002Fexplore\u002Fpublications\u002F2280) that was created by, with and for anti-corruption agencies in Africa.\n\nWe have also been training SADC corruption prevention officers on how to engage with the private sector through Collective Action approaches.\n\nOur partners consistently express a desire for more opportunities to engage and exchange with other stakeholders. They realise that no one group can tackle corruption alone.\n\n### Working towards building a community of practice\n\nTo sow the seeds for such a regional multi-stakeholder network, we launched the first [Southern African Anti-Corruption Collective Action Forum](https:\u002F\u002Fcollective-action.com\u002Fget-involved\u002Fevents\u002Fsouthern-africa-anti-corruption-collective-action-forum-2023\u002F#lg=1&slide=0) earlier this year in collaboration with the [Southern African Anti-Corruption Network](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.saacon.org\u002Fhome-0) (SAACoN) and [The Ethics Institute](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.tei.org.za\u002F). The event brought together participants from the private sector, civil society and government institutions to discuss concrete opportunities for learning and collaboration. For many, it was the first time they had met at the regional level.\n\nThe event was also a chance to celebrate progress. CoST Uganda won our [Southern Africa Anti-Corruption Collective Action Award](https:\u002F\u002Fcollective-action.com\u002Fget-involved\u002Fevents\u002Fsouthern-africa-anti-corruption-collective-action-forum-2023\u002Fawards) for its outstanding achievements in tackling corruption and raising business integrity in the region.\n\n### What’s next?\n\nIn order to build on the momentum of the Forum and on the energy of the SADC region’s anti-corruption leaders, it is crucial that member states continue to prioritise collaboration and Collective Action.\n\nGovernment anti-corruption agencies needs close, sustained collaboration with the private sector and civil society if they want to develop a more inclusive strategy to prevent corruption – and if they want that strategy to actually work in practice. That applies not only at the country and sector level, but at the regional level too. And that’s what Collective Action can bring.\n\nWe look forward to continuing our fruitful collaboration with the SADC Secretariat and wider partners to support anti-corruption Collective Action in the region.\n\nLearn more about our work on the [B20 Collective Action Hub](https:\u002F\u002Fcollective-action.com\u002F) and find inspiration in its global database of [initiatives](https:\u002F\u002Fcollective-action.com\u002Fexplore\u002Finitiatives).","2023-11-12",[362,363],"Collective Action","Private Sector","southern-africas-fight-against-corruption-needs-collective-action-2534",[366,213],"Events",2534,[362,363],[366,213],[323,362],{"id":372,"storage":23,"filename_disk":373,"filename_download":374,"title":358,"type":127,"created_on":375,"modified_on":376,"charset":12,"filesize":377,"width":31,"height":378,"duration":12,"embed":12,"description":12,"location":12,"tags":12,"metadata":379,"focal_point_x":12,"focal_point_y":12,"tus_id":12,"tus_data":12,"uploaded_on":376},"07089d28-651a-45c7-be2d-00aebafeb24f","07089d28-651a-45c7-be2d-00aebafeb24f.webp","SADC anti-corruption meeting.webp","2025-05-12T21:11:26.000Z","2026-05-06T07:35:16.000Z",67980,506,{},[381,414,433,452,471,490,504,523,542,561,580,599],{"id":382,"news_id":383,"countries_id":408},7150,{"id":355,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":356,"user_updated":384,"date_updated":357,"title":358,"type":206,"body":359,"image":372,"date":360,"topic":385,"slug":364,"activity":386,"nid":367,"topics":387,"activities":388,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":389,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":390,"tags":402,"authors":403,"images":405,"translations":406,"content":407},"b0662e2a-864d-4888-a1b7-4342b7570b30",[362,363],[366,213],[362,363],[366,213],[323,362],[382,391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401],7151,7152,7153,7154,7155,7156,7157,7158,7159,7160,7161,[],[404],1133,[],[],[],{"id":409,"name":410,"code":411,"latitude":412,"longitude":413},9,"Angola","AO",-11.20269,17.87389,{"id":391,"news_id":415,"countries_id":427},{"id":355,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":356,"user_updated":384,"date_updated":357,"title":358,"type":206,"body":359,"image":372,"date":360,"topic":416,"slug":364,"activity":417,"nid":367,"topics":418,"activities":419,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":420,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":421,"tags":422,"authors":423,"images":424,"translations":425,"content":426},[362,363],[366,213],[362,363],[366,213],[323,362],[382,391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401],[],[404],[],[],[],{"id":428,"name":429,"code":430,"latitude":431,"longitude":432},33,"Botswana","BW",-22.32847,24.68487,{"id":392,"news_id":434,"countries_id":446},{"id":355,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":356,"user_updated":384,"date_updated":357,"title":358,"type":206,"body":359,"image":372,"date":360,"topic":435,"slug":364,"activity":436,"nid":367,"topics":437,"activities":438,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":439,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":440,"tags":441,"authors":442,"images":443,"translations":444,"content":445},[362,363],[366,213],[362,363],[366,213],[323,362],[382,391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401],[],[404],[],[],[],{"id":447,"name":448,"code":449,"latitude":450,"longitude":451},38,"Democratic Republic of 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Africa","ZA",-30.55948,22.93751,{"id":400,"news_id":581,"countries_id":593},{"id":355,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":356,"user_updated":384,"date_updated":357,"title":358,"type":206,"body":359,"image":372,"date":360,"topic":582,"slug":364,"activity":583,"nid":367,"topics":584,"activities":585,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":586,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":587,"tags":588,"authors":589,"images":590,"translations":591,"content":592},[362,363],[366,213],[362,363],[366,213],[323,362],[382,391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401],[],[404],[],[],[],{"id":594,"name":595,"code":596,"latitude":597,"longitude":598},244,"Zambia","ZM",-13.1339,27.84933,{"id":401,"news_id":600,"countries_id":612},{"id":355,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":356,"user_updated":384,"date_updated":357,"title":358,"type":206,"body":359,"image":372,"date":360,"topic":601,"slug":364,"activity":602,"nid":367,"topics":603,"activities":604,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":605,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":606,"tags":607,"authors":608,"images":609,"translations":610,"content":611},[362,363],[366,213],[362,363],[366,213],[323,362],[382,391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401],[],[404],[],[],[],{"id":613,"name":614,"code":615,"latitude":616,"longitude":617},245,"Zimbabwe","ZW",-19.01544,29.15486,[],[620],{"id":404,"news_id":621,"authors_id":633},{"id":355,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":356,"user_updated":384,"date_updated":357,"title":358,"type":206,"body":359,"image":372,"date":360,"topic":622,"slug":364,"activity":623,"nid":367,"topics":624,"activities":625,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":626,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":627,"tags":628,"authors":629,"images":630,"translations":631,"content":632},[362,363],[366,213],[362,363],[366,213],[323,362],[382,391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401],[],[404],[],[],[],{"id":634,"name":635,"position":12,"image":636},293,"Scarlet Wannenwetsch","d9d0987f-7bda-4ad1-b9fe-c2704767a025",[],[],[],{"id":641,"status":11,"date_created":642,"date_updated":357,"title":643,"type":111,"body":644,"date":645,"topic":646,"slug":647,"activity":648,"nid":650,"topics":651,"activities":652,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":653,"language":12,"image":654,"translation_of":12,"countries":662,"tags":678,"authors":679,"images":680,"translations":681,"content":682},10340,"2023-02-24T17:01:26.000Z","Malawi: towards better corruption risk management to combat environmental crimes","Malawi has taken another positive step towards protecting the country’s wildlife, forests and other natural resources from illegal exploitation facilitated by corrupt practices.  \n\nSenior officers from Malawi’s main environmental and law enforcement agencies came together on 15-17 February 2023 for a three-day workshop led by the Basel Institute’s Green Corruption team. Together, the officers explored how to conduct systematic corruption risk assessments and develop targeted corruption risk mitigation plans for their agencies.\n\nThe 25 participants included public servants and officers from the Department of National Parks and Wildlife, Department of Forestry and the Malawi Police Service.\n\n### How do corruption risk assessments support environmental protection?\n\nBy assessing structural weaknesses in everyday operations and implementing targeted risk mitigation measures, agencies at the front line of fighting environmental crimes can be better placed to meet their own objectives.\n\nIf opportunities for corrupt behaviours decrease, then it will be more difficult for criminals to carry on with their illegal operations – starting in the parks and forests of Malawi. Strengthening preventive anti-corruption measures also means reducing revenue losses and safeguarding law enforcement operations and human security.\n\nIn addition, [corruption can undermine effective law enforcement](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.worldwildlife.org\u002Fpages\u002Ftnrc-knowledge-hub-law-enforcement-and-the-judiciary) at every stage of the criminal justice chain – from detection through investigation, prosecution and sanctioning. That makes it all too easy for criminals who poach or traffic wildlife and timber to evade justice. The integrity of enforcement responses to environmental crimes is a systemic issue in practically all resource-rich countries, though too many still ignore the issue.\n\nManaging corruption risks therefore fits into the bigger picture of stopping corruption from undermining efforts against environmental crimes.\n\n### Learning by doing\n\nUsing interactive, participatory approaches with exercises, the training guided participants step by step through the corruption risk assessment process. Groups of participants were tasked to assess their agencies’ processes and main corruption risks and to develop corruption risk mitigation plans.\n\nOne participant shared how he previously found it hard to know where to start to address corruption. But with this training, he saw that zooming in on the work processes helps to identify very precisely where things can go wrong. Then the methodology helps to prioritise risks in order to put concrete action in place and be strategic in the context of limited resources. “This is what we need!” he said.\n\nThough the exercises were tailored to Malawi’s national context and needs, participants also had the chance to learn about international approaches and standards for identifying corruption risks, plus experiences from other countries.\n\n### Looking forward\n\nCorruption risk assessments are not mandatory for public agencies in Malawi. Participants were unaware of this type of assessment being done before in their agencies. However, they all appreciated this new tool, as they shared common awareness and concerns about corruption as a key challenge they face to efficiently fight wildlife and forest crimes.\n\nMany participants indicated they will advocate for a systematic corruption risk assessment process at their respective agencies, in order to expose any weak points and find solutions to strengthen their systems. Our team is committed to providing technical assistance for these concrete next steps.\n\nThe training is an early milestone in a programme of the UK’s [IWT Challenge Fund](https:\u002F\u002Fiwt.challengefund.org.uk\u002F), implemented by the Basel Institute’s [Green Corruption team](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fgreen-corruption) together with local partners.\n\n### Learn more\n\nSee our topic briefs for the Targeting Natural Resource Corruption project on:\n\n*   [Corruption risk assessments and the Basel Institute’s bespoke methodology](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fwhere-are-weakest-links-illegal-wildlife-trade-enforcement-chain-lessons-corruption)\n*   [How political economy analysis can complement corruption risk assessments](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fhow-political-economy-analysis-can-support-corruption-risk-assessments-strengthen-law)\n*   [Internal controls for environmental enforcement agencies](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Finternal-controls-and-illegal-wildlife-trade-systemic-approach-corruption-prevention)\n\nSee our 2020 blog: [Want to stop illegal wildlife trade? Be more like Malawi](https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fblog\u002Fwant-stop-illegal-wildlife-trade-be-more-malawi).","2023-02-24",[115],"malawi-towards-better-corruption-risk-management-to-combat-environmental-crimes-2392",[649],"Training",2392,[115],[649],[323],{"id":655,"storage":23,"filename_disk":656,"filename_download":126,"title":643,"type":127,"created_on":657,"modified_on":657,"charset":12,"filesize":658,"width":659,"height":660,"duration":12,"embed":12,"description":12,"location":12,"tags":12,"metadata":661,"focal_point_x":12,"focal_point_y":12,"tus_id":12,"tus_data":12,"uploaded_on":657},"07ac11ef-a2d3-4461-adc7-575e1efa8764","07ac11ef-a2d3-4461-adc7-575e1efa8764.webp","2025-05-12T21:15:41.000Z",77478,1400,562,{},[663],{"id":664,"news_id":665,"countries_id":677},7197,{"id":641,"status":11,"user_created":136,"date_created":642,"user_updated":384,"date_updated":357,"title":643,"type":111,"body":644,"image":655,"date":645,"topic":666,"slug":647,"activity":667,"nid":650,"topics":668,"activities":669,"programme":12,"area":12,"websites":670,"translation_of":12,"language":12,"countries":671,"tags":672,"authors":673,"images":674,"translations":675,"content":676},[115],[649],[115],[649],[323],[664],[],[],[],[],[],{"id":6,"name":4,"code":101,"latitude":102,"longitude":103},[],[],[],[],[],25,{"items":685,"total":68},[686,854,1245],{"id":687,"status":11,"sort":12,"date_created":688,"date_updated":689,"nid":690,"slug":691,"title":692,"body":693,"citation":318,"language":122,"year":694,"publisher":695,"date_published":696,"external":697,"topic":698,"link_internal":701,"link_external":702,"featured":697,"topics":706,"languages":12,"type":708,"area":12,"programme":12,"websites":12,"summary":12,"pdf_text":710,"main_points":711,"short_version":12,"subtitle":12,"image":712,"countries":721,"tags":743,"pdf":801,"authors":823},2432,"2026-01-28T17:05:36.000Z","2026-06-02T21:22:46.000Z",2910,"political-economy-weeds-embracing-complexity-anti-corruption-work-lessons-learned-anti","Political economy in the weeds: Embracing complexity in anti-corruption work – lessons learned from anti-corruption programme in Malawi","In this joint paper with Adam Smith International, authors Claudia Baez Camargo and Renee Kantelberg show how anti-corruption efforts require more than mere technical fixes, such as capacity building for civil society alone, to drive lasting change.\n\nAnti-corruption work is often embedded in complex, politically charged environments. This requires thinking and working politically. Engaging with complex social and economic systems also means recognising that change is not linear or even predictable. What to do then?\n\nOur years of anti-corruption research have demonstrated the centrality of having local stakeholders be in the driver’s seat for identifying priorities and finding solutions. This is how we have worked in Malawi in the Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support (MACCSS) project, funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and implemented with Adam Smith International.\n\nThis publication shares practical lessons and successes in applying this approach in the MACCSS project. It illustrates our joint efforts to navigate uncertainty and ground anti-corruption efforts in trust, resilience and local leadership. The key takeaways for practitioners who design or implement anti-corruption programmes (paraphrased) are:\n\n\n- **Embrace complexity.** Change is adaption and pivoting to reality, which is not linear. In governance programmes, unexpected developments and temporary reversals are signs that systems are shifting.\n- **Local ownership matters.** When partners are in the driver’s seat, impact and sustainability improve. This is true even if the route diverges from initial plans.\n- **Facilitation over funding.** Hands-on mentoring and relationship brokering build deeper capabilities than unidirectional training, grants and results frameworks.\n- **Learning by doing.** Regular reflection converts experience into strategy; failures become data for adaptation.\n- **Build trust and coalitions.** Reform depends on a collective effort with credible institutions and sister anti-corruption programmes. It also requires nurturing emergent anti-corruption networks, rather than merely building the capacity of individual actors.\n- **Resilience grows from below.** Sustainable accountability takes root when communities see anti-corruption as linked to livelihoods and services, not as an abstract governance agenda.\n- **Gender and inclusion strengthen legitimacy.** Integrating gender and social inclusion (GESI) principles by addressing corruption in mining, infrastructure and agriculture – sectors critical for women and marginalised groups – broadens both the reach and credibility of anti-corruption efforts.\n\n\nUltimately, the MACCSS experience reinforces a simple but profound insight: **anti-corruption work is not about perfect plans but about adaptive partnerships.** Change happens through relationships, experimentation and persistence. The task is not to eliminate uncertainty, but to navigate it with integrity and learning at the core. ",2026,"Adam Smith International","2026-01-28",false,[699,700],"Prevention","Research and Innovation",[],[703],{"url":704,"caption":705},"https:\u002F\u002Fadamsmithinternational.com\u002Farticles\u002Fpolitical-economy-in-the-weeds-embracing-complexity-in-anti-corruption-work\u002F#resource:all"," View on Adam Smith International website",[707],"Prevention Research and Innovation",[709],"Report","\u003C!-- image -->\n\n## POLITICAL ECONOMY IN THE WEEDS\n\n## EMBRACING COMPLEXITY IN ANTI-CORRUPTION WORK\n\nBy Renee Kantelberg and Claudia Baez-Camargo\n\n## Introduction\n\nThe Malawi Anti-Corruption Civil Society Support (MACCSS) programme provides a powerful case for understanding how anti-corruption  (AC)  efforts  unfold  in  complex,  politically  charged  environments.  Jointly  funded  by  the  UK  Foreign, Commonwealth  and  Development  Office  (FCDO)  and  USAID,  MACCSS  (2024-2026)  combines  grants  and  technical assistance worth £1.75 million to strengthen civil society's role in promoting accountability. The initiative works through a  portfolio  of  civil  society  issue-focused  interventions  with  national  and  district  partners  across  sectors  such  as agriculture, mining, constituency development funds, justice and infrastructure.\n\nMalawi serves as both an opportunity-rich testing ground for systems-change initiatives and a cautionary case illustrating the constraints and pressure points such reforms face. This blend of promise and challenge renders Malawi pivotal for understanding governance transformations in comparable contexts. It is one of the poorest countries in the world, with corruption deeply embedded in its political and bureaucratic systems. Decades of clientelist politics, weak enforcement institutions  and  low  public-sector  pay  have  entrenched  behaviours  where  access  to  state  resources  is  viewed  as  an entitlement to extract rents for their own benefit and that of particular interests. In the wake of the September 2025 elections, these longstanding dynamics continue to shape the operating environment. Consequently, MACCSS's mandate remains unchanged: to equip committed civil-society organisations from national bodies to rural district groups with the knowledge, networks, and confidence to serve as policy-reform champions, watchdogs, and mobilisers of citizen voice and national advocacy priorities.\n\nAt first glance, the logic of working with civil society in contexts where state capacities are weak is straightforward: if CSOs are  trained  in  strategic  advocacy,  intervention  design,  operational  planning  and  media  engagement,  they  will become  effective  in  exposing  and  preventing  corruption,  thus  fulfilling  their  assumed  watchdog  function.  Yet  the experience of implementation shows that capacity alone does not guarantee influence and that change is difficult and non-linear. The real story of MACCSS lies in how its partners are learning to 'work in the weeds' - embracing uncertainty, adapting to shifting power dynamics, and building alliances that make accountability and anti-corruption transformation possible.\n\n## The Strategy: Ambition and Assumptions\n\nMACCSS's design draws from the classic anti-corruption playbook, which is reflected in the programme's strategy (Theory of  Change),  which  suggests  that  enhancing  CSO  technical  and  organisational  capacity  results  in  greater  citizen engagement and oversight and, ultimately, in reduced opportunities and incentives for corruption.\n\nConsequently, capacity building is pursued through three interdependent strands:\n\n- ∞ Financial resources - seed funding \u002F grants £10,000 - £50,000 to locally designed interventions.\n- ∞ Technical support -  training and mentoring in advocacy, media work, Political Economy Analysis, Gender and Social Inclusion (GESI), and thematic areas such as mining or procurement.\n- ∞ Organisational strengthening -  support  for  financial  management,  grant  compliance,  safeguarding,  MEL,  and other core systems essential for sustainable CSO operations.\n- ∞ Learning - facilitation and convening of peer exchanges where national and district level partners jointly reflect, share evidence and refine strategies.\n\nJust observing the above, it would be tempting to assume that technical support and trainings are enough to build stronger organisations and that the recipients of the support will automatically be able to translate skills into action and\n\n\u003C!-- image -->\n\n## ASI\n\n\u003C!-- image -->\n\n\u003C!-- image -->\n\nresults.  Experience,  however,  shows  that  this  logic  fails  to  grasp  the  incremental  and  iterative  nature  of  building competencies, while also underestimating the political nature of corruption and the depth of systemic inertia. What MACCSS is revealing is that effectiveness depends less on training or resources than on learning by doing, building relationships, moving with opportunities and the capacity to adapt.\n\n## Working in the Weeds: Navigating Complexity and Adapting Practice\n\nAn overarching lesson from the MACCSS programme is that in practice, progress is messy and contested, which should not be surprising. As in many other countries, power in Malawi is acquired, shared and maintained through networks of patronage,  built  and  cemented  on  non-transparent  deals  that  cut  across  the  state,  business  and  political  parties. Corruption  trickles  down  to  the  grassroots,  where  public  service  providers  and  street  level  bureaucrats  routinely manoeuvre the prerogatives stemming from their official mandates to extract benefits and resources for themselves and their social networks.  Therefore, corruption in Malawi is woven into the political settlement itself and embedded in social norms that normalise and lend acceptability to corruption. As a result, when anti-corruption efforts begin to bite, they often provoke pushback: investigations stall, whistle-blowers face intimidation, and reform champions are side-lined or even threatened. The experience of the Zuneth Sattar case, in which high-level prosecutions led to institutional backlash, illustrates how success can generate its own resistance.\n\nCivil society faces additional constraints. Many organisations operate on shoestring budgets and remain dependent on donor funding, which is often project-based and problematises the continuity of their endeavours. Corruption fatigue also reflects public scepticism among intended beneficiaries that activism will not change anything. Legal restrictions on public-interest litigation, slow access to information, and the risk of regulatory reprisals further limit civic space. At district level, organisational inertia is strong: as one partner admitted, 'this is how we have always done things.'\n\n## From capacity building to facilitated partnership\n\nHere the lessons of MACCSS validate those of many other FCDO governance programmes in that conventional grant making  and  capacity  building  too  often  produces  donor-compliant  but  citizen-disconnected  CSOs.  Grants  managed without attention to the contextual conditions and needs can constrain flexibility, distort incentives, and monetise the engagement. MACCSS learned from this and adopted a facilitated partnership approach , deploying mixed local teams to broker relationships among civil society, media and AC institutions, and FCDO sister programmes while encouraging CSO implementing partners to be in the driver's seat in deciding priorities, providing them a safe space to innovate and to build their capacities through learning by doing. The focus shifted from funding activities to nurturing trust, reflection and adaptive learning within a cohort of champions.\n\nERROR! NO The Accountability Working Group (AWG) - made up of our core partner organisations, together with regular learning exchanges, sits at the centre of our work. MACCSS understands its role as a facilitation hub; encouraging trust building, peer exchanges and the emergence of coordinated action, decidedly moving away from focusing and insisting on preestablished  good  governance  practices  and  an  emphasis  on  procedures  and  delivery  mechanisms.  MACCSS-hosted convenings bring together partner CSOs, journalists \u002F media, communities and duty bearers to co-create interventions, share evidence and reflect on progress along with challenges. The emphasis is on brokering relationships and supporting iterative experimentation, not on enforcing rigid workplans. Mentoring and technical accompaniment are complemented by targeted and demand-led training, and small, flexible funding support is provided to pilot critical ideas whose design evolves as lessons and proof of concept emerge. Learning by doing and reflection\n\nFor MACCSS and its partners real capacity is being built iteratively, through cycles of action and reflection. The MACCSS Monitoring, Reporting, Evaluation and Learning (MREL) system promotes 'utilisation-focused' learning loops following the self-reinforcing logic of implementation, analysis, discussions and, adaptation. Quarterly Pause and Reflect meetings with the AWG provide a collective space to share not only achievements but also setbacks, echoing MACCSS core principle that mistakes are data and information that tell us something to consider . These reflection processes strengthen partners' confidence  and  sense  of  agency.    Gradually,  shifts  are  becoming  visible:  district  networks  collaborating  instead  of competing;  local  journalists  and  activists  pooling  evidence  from  civil  society  work;  civil  servants  recognising  that transparency can strengthen, not threaten, their legitimacy. These may seem like small wins, yet they build the bottomup resilience that sustains reform beyond donor and MACCSS project cycles.\n\nEmbracing uncertainty\n\n\u003C!-- image -->\n\n\u003C!-- image -->\n\n## ASI\n\n\u003C!-- image -->\n\n\u003C!-- image -->\n\nWorking this way demands tolerance for ambiguity and deviation from plans. Anti-corruption work that matters will always provoke contestation. MACCSS is still unfolding, but it demonstrates that technically skilled support and facilitation, pace that  is  set  by  the  stakeholders  themselves,  moving  on  needs  and  emerging  gaps  as  well  as  patience  and  political awareness are all more effective than rigid top-down management. Progress depends less on control than on cultivating curiosity and responsiveness with a relational approach that puts partners always in the driving seat. MACCSS recognises that grants alone can distort incentives encouraging compliance rather than collaboration.\n\nBy combining seed funding with tailored technical mentoring and facilitation, partners gain the freedom to adapt their strategies as contexts shift, as was experienced during the September 2025 election period when political will and action waned. Yet,  partners  acted  strategically  during  that  election  period  to  influence  the  Anti-Corruption  agenda  through political manifestos, providing evidence where doors opened by politicians. An indicative example of the success achieved through these means was the fact that the AWG was able to get several key questions into the 2025 Presidential Debate that reflected on issues related to corruption in specific sectors.\n\nSetbacks and detours are expected in the process, just as opportunities are; embracing the political landscape mix (and pivoting) is what partners know and do so well.\n\n## Key Lessons Learned\n\n- 1. Embrace complexity. Change is adaption and pivoting to reality, which is not linear. In governance programmes, unexpected developments and temporary reversals are signs that systems are shifting.\n- 2. Local ownership matters. When partners are in the driver's seat, as in MACCSS's co-creation of interventions, impact and sustainability improve, even if the route diverges from initial plans.\n- 3. Facilitation over funding. Hands-on mentoring and relationship-brokering build deeper capabilities than unidirectional training, grants and results frameworks.\n- 4. Learning by doing. Regular reflection converts experience into strategy; failures become data for adaptation.\n- 5. Build trust and coalitions. Engagement with credible institutions such as the Ombudsman, with champions in the state and in FCDO sister programmes, and leaning on the collective experience of the AWG, altogether shows that reform depends on collective effort, on nurturing emergent anti-corruption networks, rather than on building the capacity of individual actors.\n- 6. Resilience  grows  from  below. District  alliances  illustrate  that  sustainable  accountability  takes  root  when communities see anti-corruption as linked to livelihoods and services, not as an abstract governance agenda.\n- 7. Gender and inclusion strengthen legitimacy. Integrating GESI principles by addressing corruption in mining, infrastructure,  agriculture,  sectors  critical  for  women  and  marginalised  groups  broadens  both  the  reach  and credibility of anti-corruption efforts.\n\nERROR! NO Implications for Malawi and Beyond MACCSS demonstrates the  value  of working  politically  and  adaptively in  anti-corruption  programming  with  local stakeholders driving the agenda and the development of local approaches that work in Malawi for and by Malawians. Technical solutions and training alone cannot overcome entrenched incentives; transformation emerges from iterative learning, trust-building, and responsiveness to context. For donors, this means funding models that prioritise flexibility, process,  reflection  and  a  willingness  to  be  surprised  by  unexpected  gains  as  much  as  outputs  and  indicators.  For practitioners, it means patience, humility and a willingness to depart from the usual approaches and find out how to 'work with the grain' of local systems rather than against them.\n\nAs Malawi moves ahead of the 2025 elections result, the programme continues to focus on citizen energy with CSOs and media bringing collectively concrete accountability demands. The long-term vision is a network of capable, connected CSOs and local champions who can sustain anti-corruption momentum with decreasing external support.\n\nUltimately, the MACCSS experience reinforces a simple but profound insight: anti-corruption work is not about perfect plans but about adaptive partnerships. Change happens through relationships, experimentation and persistence. The task is not to eliminate uncertainty, but to navigate it with integrity and learning at the core.\n\n\u003C!-- image -->","- **Embrace complexity.** Change is adaption and pivoting to reality, which is not linear. In governance programmes, unexpected developments and temporary reversals are signs that systems are shifting.\n- **Local ownership matters.** When partners are in the driver’s seat, impact and sustainability improve. This is true even if the route diverges from initial plans.\n- **Facilitation over funding.** Hands-on mentoring and relationship brokering build deeper capabilities than unidirectional training, grants and results frameworks.\n- **Learning by doing.** Regular reflection converts experience into strategy; failures become data for adaptation.\n- **Build trust and coalitions.** Reform depends on a collective effort with credible institutions and sister anti-corruption programmes. It also requires nurturing emergent anti-corruption networks, rather than merely building the capacity of individual actors.\n- **Resilience grows from below.** Sustainable accountability takes root when communities see anti-corruption as linked to livelihoods and services, not as an abstract governance agenda.\n- **Gender and inclusion strengthen legitimacy.** Integrating gender and social inclusion (GESI) principles by addressing corruption in mining, infrastructure and agriculture – sectors critical for women and marginalised groups – broadens both the reach and credibility of anti-corruption 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It is designed to help government institutions, in particular national anti-corruption agencies, engage with the private sector more effectively to prevent corruption.\n\nThe document highlights good practices identified through interviews, desk research and a 2021 Southern African Development Community (SADC) training on “Emerging anti-corruption issues and private-sector engagement for SADC anti-corruption agencies”.\n\nAfrica offers many examples of innovative, unique and context-sensitive approaches to engage the private sector in anti-corruption efforts. Ghana’s National Anti-Corruption Action Plan, for instance, offers an award scheme and is looking into providing tax benefits to companies that enforce anti-corruption measures and demonstrate leadership in the fight against corruption. Other agencies and governments in the region, such as Morocco, are currently discussing implementing a reward system for compliant companies that can be considered when companies bid for public tenders.\n\nThese examples demonstrate how African governments proactively seek to tackle corruption and collaborate with the private sector.\n\nFrom the initiatives captured, three common strategic approaches can be identified to underpin effective and impactful engagement:\n\n\n- **Raising awareness,** guiding and working with the private sector to more effectively address corruption risks.\n- **Identifying and providing incentives** to companies investing in their compliance programmes.\n- **Demonstrating leadership** by actively participating in Collective Action and public-private partnerships.\n\n\nThis document is a follow-up of a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcollective-action.com\u002Fexplore\u002Fpublications\u002F2199\">practical global guide\u003C\u002Fa> published in July 2022 and was produced with the support of the Siemens Integrity Initiative.\n\nIt is freely shareable under a Creative Commons \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc-nd\u002F4.0\u002F\">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0\u003C\u002Fa> licence. 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Young","7fd2ccdd-c55a-4f8c-9870-25a3abad190f",{"id":1246,"status":11,"sort":12,"date_created":1247,"date_updated":1248,"nid":1249,"slug":1250,"title":1251,"body":1252,"citation":318,"language":122,"year":1253,"publisher":863,"date_published":1254,"external":697,"topic":1255,"link_internal":1257,"link_external":1258,"featured":697,"topics":1259,"languages":1261,"type":1262,"area":12,"programme":12,"websites":12,"summary":12,"pdf_text":12,"main_points":12,"short_version":12,"subtitle":12,"image":1263,"countries":1272,"tags":1292,"pdf":1338,"authors":1358},1801,"2022-04-27T11:53:45.000Z","2026-05-29T22:22:42.000Z",2040,"gendered-corruption-initial-insights-sextortion-and-double-bribery-affecting-female","Gendered corruption: Initial insights into sextortion and double bribery affecting female businesswomen in Malawi","This report offers an initial insight into the problem of gendered corruption, including sextortion and so-called double bribery, based on interviews with 19 businesswomen in Malawi. Part of a wider research project into procurement corruption, the interviews aimed to explore the extent of gendered corruption as a coercive form of social exchange, as well as the role of informal corrupt networks in magnifying gender-specific inequalities.\n\nThough based on a small sample in one particular context, the findings indicate that more research into this topic is urgently needed globally with a view to mainstreaming sexual corruption into anti-corruption programming. Initial findings indicate that:\n\n\n- Sextortion, forced sexual favours, \"double bribery\" and other forms of sexual corruption are perceived to be widespread in Malawi. \n- Women's risk of being subjected to sexual corruption increases in informal network settings, such as those in which business takes place.\n- Socio-economic factors and gender-imbalanced power dynamics play an important role in enabling sexual corruption to take place with impunity.\n- Trustworthy reporting and support mechanisms for sexual corruption are said to be lacking. \n- Existing female-only business self-help groups could provide a strong base for enabling women to address issues of sexual corruption and related gendered violence. \n\n\nOverall, there is a great need for more research and policy attention globally to gendered corruption and related issues that still remain – tragically – hidden from view or considered as normal. \n\n### About this publication\n\nThe research underpinning this report has been undertaken in support of the Tackling Serious and Organised Crime (TSOC) programme in Malawi, which is funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.\n\nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).\n\nSuggested citation: Stahl, C., 2021. *Gendered corruption: Initial insights into sextortion and double bribery affecting female businesswomen in Malawi.* Basel Institute on Governance, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fgendered-corruption-initial-insights-sextortion-and-double-bribery-affecting-female\">https:\u002F\u002Fbaselgovernance.org\u002Fpublications\u002Fgendered-corruption-initial-in…\u003C\u002Fa>.",2021,"2021-06-28",[1256],"Public Governance",[],[],[1260],"Corruption Prevention and Public Governance",[122],[709],{"id":1264,"storage":23,"filename_disk":1265,"filename_download":1266,"title":1267,"type":27,"created_on":1247,"modified_on":1247,"charset":12,"filesize":1268,"width":1269,"height":1270,"duration":12,"embed":12,"description":12,"location":12,"tags":12,"metadata":1271,"focal_point_x":12,"focal_point_y":12,"tus_id":12,"tus_data":12,"uploaded_on":1247},"5b923df6-8ac9-4ee3-8161-d9b3fe92ac9a","5b923df6-8ac9-4ee3-8161-d9b3fe92ac9a.jpg","Pages-from-210629-Gendered-corruption-in-Malawi.jpg","Gendered corruption 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